Binciken mata 3 da mata ke bukata

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Lokacin da kake tunanin binciken kansar, rashin jin daɗi shine tabbas kalmar farko da ta zo hankali. Ko dai shafawar Pap ne, mammogram, ko kuma kawai a sauke don binciken fata a likitan fata-babu wani gwajin da yake da daɗi musamman. Amma su ne mahimmanci ga kare lafiyar ku, musamman yayin da kuka tsufa.

Binciken kansar yana da mahimmanci saboda suna iya gano kansar kafin ku lura da alamomi, in ji shi Rebecca Berens , MD, likitan iyali kuma mai gidan Vida Family Medicine a Houston, Texas. An gano farkon cutar kansa, ƙarancin damar ciwon kansa yayi girma da bazuwa (metastasizing). Manyan cututtukan daji da cututtukan daji waɗanda aka ƙaddara su sun fi wahalar magani da samun magani, kuma suna iya samun rikitarwa na dogon lokaci ko haifar da mutuwa.

Dangantaka: Me yasa jarabawar mace mai mahimmanci take da mahimmanci

Wanene yake buƙatar bincika kansa?

Duk mata ya kamata a duba su saboda cutar kansa, da sankarar mahaifa, da kuma sankarar hanji, in ji ta Anjali Malik, MD , wani kwararren masanin ilimin rediyo a Washington, D.C. Idan suna da matukar hadari, alal misali, masu shan sigari ko kuma mutanen da ke da tarihin dangi, ya kamata kuma a duba mata don cutar kansa ta huhu. Kuma matan da ke fama da cutar kwayar halitta, shan wasu magunguna, ko kuma tare da tarihin dangi, ya kamata a bincikar su don cutar sankarar mahaifa da kuma ta sankara.

Amma yaya idan kuna da lafiya in ba haka ba kuma ba ku da abubuwan haɗarin cutar kansa?

Koda mutanen da ke cikin ƙoshin lafiyar jiki na iya haifar da cututtukan daji saboda dalilai daban-daban, in ji su Jeff Fortner, Pharm.D. , masanin farfesa a Makarantar Kimiyya na Jami'ar Pacific University a Hillsboro, Oregon, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Kiwon Lafiya ta SingleCare . Wasu daga cikin waɗannan basa cikin ikon su, kamar tarihin iyali, kamuwa da cutar kansa mai haifar da abubuwa, da tsufa. Yayinda wasu abubuwan suke iya sarrafuwa kamar cin abinci, barasa, da shan taba.

Yaushe yakamata mata su kamu da cutar kansa?

Kowane nau'in cutar kansa yana zuwa da abubuwan da ke tattare da haɗarin shekaru. Yi amfani da wannan jagorar don bincika kansar ga mata ta shekaru da nau'in cutar kansa.

Ciwon mahaifa

Cutar sankarar mahaifa shekaru: Yakamata a fara binciken kansar mahaifa tun yana shekaru 21 ba tare da la'akari da shekarun fara aikin jima'i ba, in ji Dokta Berens. A cewar CDC , idan dai sakamakon binciken pap na al'ada ne, yakamata a rika yin allo duk bayan shekaru uku daga shekara 21 zuwa 29. Daga shekara 30 zuwa 65, ana iya yin allo duk bayan shekaru uku zuwa biyar idan sakamakonka ya ci gaba da zama yadda yake.

Hanyoyin haɗari: Kusan dukkanin cututtukan sankarau suna faruwa ne daga kwayar cutar papilloma ta mutum (HPV), wacce ke da kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jima'i. A cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka na Amurka (CDC), HPV abu ne gama gari wanda kusan kowa zai same shi a wani lokaci a rayuwarsa. Amma ba duk damuwa ke haifar da sankarar mahaifa ba. Wasu suna haifar da cutar al'aura ko fatar fata, wasu kuma bazai haifar da wata alamar cutar kwata-kwata ba.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Akwai amintacce kuma ingantaccen allurar rigakafin ta HPV kira Gardasil 9 . An ba da shawarar ga yara maza da mata a shekaru 11 ko 12, amma ana iya gudanar da shi tun yana ɗan shekara 9 ko kuma ya kai shekaru 45. Yara suna buƙatar ƙwaya biyu na Gardasil, wata shida dabam. Idan ɗanka ya karɓi maganin farko na Gardasil bayan ya cika shekaru 15, ya kamata su karɓi allurai uku a tsawon watanni shida.

Gwajin gwaji: OB-GYN ɗinka zai yi maka allon don ƙwayoyin mahaifa mara kyau ta amfani da maganin shafawa. Ana yin wannan tare da sandar auduga da aka saka a cikin farjinku kuma an shafa ta a wuyan mahaifa.

Dangantaka: Me yasa yakamata ku sami rigakafin HPV - koda a cikin shekarun 30s ko 40s

Ciwon nono

Shekarun haihuwa na binciken kansar nono: A cewar Dokta Malik, Mahimman binciken allo na mata masu hadari a kowace shekara yana farawa daga 40, a baya idan akwai babban haɗari. Ka'idodin CDC bayar da shawarar cewa mata masu hadari suna da mammogram sau daya a duk shekaru biyu daga shekara 50 zuwa 74, kuma yakamata ku tattauna jadawalin bincikenku tare da mai kula da lafiyarku tun daga shekara 40.

Hanyoyin haɗari: A cewar CDC , da yawa daga cikin abubuwan da suke kara wa mace kasadar kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama sun fi karfin ta. Kwayar halittar jini, tsufa, fara lokacinka kafin shekara 12 ko yin al'ada bayan shekaru 55, samun mama mai kauri, da kuma tarihin dangin kansar nono duk na iya taimakawa ga karuwar kasada.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Akwai wasu halayen haɗari waɗanda suke da iko, kodayake. Mata na iya rage kasadar kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama ta hanyar motsa jiki, kiyaye ƙoshin lafiya, da guje wa kulawar haihuwa ta hormonal, giya, da sigari. Bincike ya kuma nuna cewa samun ciki na farko kafin shekara 30 da shayarwa yana rage barazanar kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama.

Gwajin gwaji: Doctors suna amfani da mammogram, wanda yake kamar X-ray tare da matsa nono, don bincika kansar nono.

Ciwon ciki (ko launi)

Ciwon daji na ciwon hanji: Don ciwon daji na hanji, mata ya kamata su fara nunawa a 50, ko a baya idan suna cikin haɗarin haɗari saboda matsalolin mallaka ko tarihin iyali, in ji Dokta Fortner. Marasa lafiya yakamata su karɓi gwajin cikin kowace shekara, amma kwaloron al'ada kawai ake buƙata a maimaita shi sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 10, ko kuma samun sakamako mara kyau daga gwajin ƙirar. Da CDC yana ba da shawarar dubawa farawa daga 50, tare da mita bisa ga shawarwarin masu ba da lafiya.

Hanyoyin haɗari: Haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji yana ƙaruwa da shekaru, halittar jini, da kuma tarihin mutum na cututtukan hanji kamar cututtukan Crohn da ulcerative colitis, in ji Dr. Berens. Ta lura cewa, kamar sauran cututtukan daji, abinci mara kyau da iyakantaccen motsa jiki na iya taimakawa ga cutar kansa ta hanji. Taba sigari da shan giya suma suna kara barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Abincin mai wadataccen fiber wanda ke dauke da yayan itace da kayan marmari da kayan abinci kadan da za'a sarrafa shi zai rage barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa. Hakanan zaka iya motsa jiki sosai kuma ka guji shan taba da barasa.

Gwajin gwaji: Akwai yan kadan zaɓuɓɓuka don binciken kansar hanji . Mafi mahimmanci shine gwajin hanji ko gwajin gwaji. Don zaɓin na ƙarshe, likita ya tattara samfurin kujeru kuma yana neman ƙananan layin jini a cikin kujan ku. Idan aka gano wani jini, likita zai yi odar binciken hanji. A yayin binciken hanji, an fara kwantar da kai, sannan likita ya sanya wani abu mai tsayi, mai sassauci a cikin duburar ka sannan a zare shi zuwa daya karshen babbar hanjin ka. Kayan aiki yana watsa hoto na cikin hanjin ka don likita ya iya bincika shi don rashin dacewa. Ba ya cutar, amma yana iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi, ji da gass.

Sauran cututtukan daji

Yawancin mata za su buƙaci bincikowa na yau da kullun don cututtukan mahaifa, nono, da ciwon hanji. Koyaya, yakamata kuyi ziyarar kyau kowace shekara tare da mai ba ku kulawa na farko kuma kuyi tambaya idan kuna da wasu haɗarin haɗari na musamman waɗanda zasu iya ba da buƙatar buƙata don bincika wasu cututtukan kansa, kamar fata, huhu, mahaifa, ko sankarar mahaifa.

Hanyoyin haɗari ga wasu cututtukan daji sun haɗa da:

• Shan taba
• Yin amfani da barasa
• Tarihin iyali
• Wasu magunguna
• Halittar jini
• Kiba
• Rashin cin abinci mara kyau
• Wasu cututtukan kwayoyin cuta

Wannan ba cikakken lissafi bane. Tattauna bukatun lafiyar ku tare da mai ba ku kulawa na farko.

Nawa ne kudin gwajin cutar kansa?

Yawancin tsare-tsaren inshora suna rufe binciken kansar waɗanda aka ba da shawarar dangane da shekarunku da sauran abubuwan haɗarin. Amma idan ba ku da inshora, akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka don karɓar gwajin kansar kyauta.

Planned Parenthood, cibiyoyin kiyon lafiya na tarayya, da sassan kiwon lafiya na gida suna ba mata da yawa sabis na rigakafin kiwon lafiya a kan sikeli mara nauyi, in ji Dokta Berens. Ayyukan kulawa na farko kai tsaye suna ko'ina cikin ƙasar kuma suna ba da kulawa ta farko mai sauƙi mai mahimmanci ga duk marasa lafiya ba tare da la'akari da matsayin inshora ba, kuma suna iya taimakawa haɗakar da marasa lafiya masu biyan kuɗi tare da wadatattun kayan aiki don bincike.