Jagoran ku ga lafiyar thyroid

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Idan kun kasance kamar yawancin mutane, tabbas ba zakuyi tunani game da lafiyar thyroid ba sau da yawa. Lokacin da thyroid ke aiki kamar yadda ya kamata, yana da sauƙi a ɗauka ba da wasa ba. Amma likitocin kiwon lafiya suna so kuyi tunani game da lafiyar thyroid a watan Janairu, wanda shine Watan wayar da kai na Wata kowace shekara. Yana da batun da yakamata a sani saboda idan thyroid dinka baya aiki yadda yakamata, zai iya haifar da wasu matsalolin lafiya, wasu daga cikinsu maƙasudai ne.

A cewar Tungiyar Thyroid ta Amurka , fiye da 12% na Amurkawa za su ci gaba da yanayin thyroid a rayuwarsu. Har zuwa 60% na waɗannan mutane ba za su san cewa suna da cutar thyroid ba, ko da yake yanayin na iya haifar da alamun bayyanar da ba su sani ba suna da alaƙa da thyroid. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da lafiyar lafiyar ku-ba kawai a cikin Janairu ba amma a cikin shekara.

Menene maganin ka?

Thyroid, ko thyroid gland shine yake, shine malam buɗe ido mai siffar malam buɗe ido wanda yake a wuyanka wanda yake ɓangare ne na tsarin endocrine na jikinka. Endocrine gland wasu gabobi ne wadanda suke yin homon, wanda ke shiga kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini kuma ya fita zuwa wasu gabobin da kayan cikin jiki domin taimakawa wajen sarrafa tarin ayyukan jiki. Sauran cututtukan endocrine sun hada da pancreas, ovaries, testes, adrenal, da pituitary gland.

Thyroid yana samar da hormones guda biyu da ake kira thyroxine (T4) da triiodothyronine (T3). Yawancin maganin thyroid-game da 95% - shine T4. Ragowar 5% shine T3. Hanyoyin hormones na thyroid suna shafar tasirin ku, zafin jikin ku, da abubuwa kamar:

• Arfin tsoka
• Numfashi da ajiyar zuciya
• Nauyin jiki
• Matakan Cholesterol
• Hawan jinin haila
• Jijiya
• Matakan makamashi

Thyroid yana da lobes biyu kuma yana zaune a saman ƙashin ƙwanƙwasa da ƙasan makogwaro, ko akwatin murya. Kowace lobe tana nadewa kaɗan kusa da bututun iska, tare da yawancin ƙwanƙolin da ke zaune a gabanta, saboda haka maganin ka na aiki mara kyau na iya shafar ingancin muryar ku ban da sauran lamuran kiwon lafiyar da zai iya haifarwa.

Matsalolin karoid na yau da kullun

Thyroid zai iya aiki ta ɗayan hanyoyi biyu. Yana iya haifar da kwayoyi masu yawa da yawa-yanayin da ake kira overactive thyroid, ko hyperthyroidism - ko kuma yana iya haifar da 'yan hormones kaɗan, wanda aka fi sani da thyroid na rashin aiki, ko hypothyroidism . Mata sun fi maza saurin kamuwa da matsalolin thyroid, amma likitoci basu da cikakken tabbaci dalilin da yasa haka.

Duk da yake akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa, babu wani bayani [game da yaduwar mata] har yanzu, a cewar Cheryl R. Rosenfeld , DO, FACE, mai magana da yawun kungiyar likitocin likitancin Amurka (AACE). Cututtukan da suka fi saurin yaduwa a cikin jiki sune na cikin jiki, ma'ana lokacin da garkuwar jiki ta fara kai farmaki wani sashi na jiki. Mata sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar kansa [fiye da maza], don haka yana da ma'ana cewa cututtukan thyroid suna wakiltar su a nan.

Ciwon hawan jini

Hyperthyroidism, lokacin da thyroid ke samar da homon da yawa, yawanci ana haifar dashi ta hanyar cutar kansa da ake kira Cutar kabari . Lokacin da wani ke da cutar Graves, garkuwar jikinsu na kai hare-hare ga thyroid kuma yana haifar da ƙara haɓakar hormone.

Hakanan ana iya haifar da cututtukan Hyperthyroidism ta yawan shan iodine ko maganin thyroid; nodules mai saurin aiki (yanayin da ake kira cutar nodular mai guba); thyroiditis (kumburi na thyroid); cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ko kuma, a cikin al'amuran da ba kasafai suke faruwa ba, wani ciwo da ba na ciwo ba na gland.

Idan ba a kula da shi ba, hawan jini zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya mara kyau, cututtukan zuciya da sauran matsalolin zuciya, ciwon ido da raunin gani, kasusuwa ƙasusuwa da osteoporosis, matsalar haihuwa a cikin mata, da rikitarwa a lokacin daukar ciki. Kwayar cututtukan hyperthyroidism sun hada da:

• Goiter
• Ciwo, tashin hankali, bacin rai, ko sauyin yanayi
• Raunin jiki da gajiya
• Matsalar jure zafi ko bacci
• Rawar jiki, yawanci a hannunka
• Yawan yin ciki ko gudawa
• Rage nauyi

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism, lokacin da thyroid ke haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, yawanci ana haifar dashi ta hanyar rashin lafiyar kansa da ake kira Cutar Hashimoto , ko Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Tare da cutar Hashimoto, kamar cutar ta Graves, tsarin garkuwar jiki na kai hare-hare ga maganin kawancin, amma a wannan yanayin maganin kaidin yana amsawa ta hanyar rage samar da sinadarin hormone.

A wasu lokuta, ana samun hypothyroidism yayin haihuwa. Wannan ana kiransa hypothyroidism na cikin gida. Sauran cututtukan sun haɗa da thyroiditis, iodine kaɗan a cikin abincinku, maganin radiation, wasu magunguna, da kuma cire tiyata duka ko ɓangare na thyroid.

Idan ba a magance shi ba, hypothyroidism na iya taimakawa ga babban cholesterol kuma, a wasu lokuta ba safai ba, yakan haifar da wani yanayi da ake kira myxedema coma, wanda ayyukan jiki na iya yin kasa zuwa yanayin da yanayin zai zama barazanar rai. Hypothyroidism a lokacin daukar ciki na iya haifar da haihuwa da wuri ko zubar da ciki da jinkirin ci gaban jariri da ci gabansa. Kwayar cututtukan hypothyroidism, wanda ke iya bunkasa sannu a hankali kuma ya dauki watanni ko ma shekaru ya bayyana, sun hada da:

• Goiter
• Karuwar nauyi
• Hadin gwiwa da ciwon tsoka
• Saurin ajiyar zuciya
• Fuskantaccen fuska
• Matsalar jurewa sanyi
• Maƙarƙashiya
• Fata mai bushewa
• Rashin gashi
• Haila mai nauyi ko mara al'ada
• Matsalar haihuwa a cikin mata

Dr. Rosenfeld ya ce wasu alamun sun rufta da hyperthyroidism da hypothyroidism, in ji Dokta Rosenfeld, don haka yana da mahimmanci a sami likita wanda ke da masaniya game da cutar ta thyroid don kimantawa yadda ya kamata da kuma kula da mai haƙuri wanda ke da alamun da ke nuna cutar ta thyroid.

Goiter

Dukkanin hyperthyroidism da hypothyroidism na iya haifar da haɓakar haɓaka ta glandar thyroid. Wannan yanayin, ana kiransa a goiter , yana daya daga cikin alamun bayyanar cututtukan thyroid. Hakanan goiter zai iya faruwa yayin da thyroid ke samarda adadin homonin daidai idan akwai wani yanayin da zai iya haifar da thyroid girma ba zato ba tsammani.

Dukansu T4 da T3 suna ɗauke da iodine, wani muhimmin abu da aka samu a cikin kifin kifi da gishirin iodized. Idan mutum bai samu isashidin iodine ba, thyroid ba zai iya yin isasshen maganin karoid ba. Wannan na iya haifar da glandon cikin pituitary a cikin kwakwalwa don aika sigina zuwa ga thyroid don samar da ƙarin hormones. Wannan siginar, ana kiranta hormone mai motsawa (TSH), yana haifar da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin yunƙurin haɓaka haɓakar hormone.

Rashin iskar Iodine shine muhimmin abin dake haifarda goge a duniya, amma ba a Amurka ba, in ji Dr. Rosenfeld. Ananan matakin iodine, mafi kusantar shi shine mai goiter zai haɓaka.

Hakanan goiters na iya haɓaka sakamakon shan sigari, jujjuyawar jini, ko abubuwan da suka shafi kwayar halitta. Shan sigari na haifar da ciwan gwaiwa ta hanyar hana karoid dinda ya hadu da iodine, saboda daya daga cikin sinadaran da ke cikin hayakin sigari, in ji Dokta Rosenfeld. Bayyanawa ga radiation, yawanci ta hanyar haɗarin nukiliya ko maganin raɗaɗi, na iya haifar da thyroid don haɓaka nodules da girma. A ƙarshe, kuma mai yiwuwa mafi mahimmanci, shine gudummawar ƙwayoyin halitta don haɓaka nodules na thyroid da goiter.

Ciwon daji na thyroid

A cikin al'amuran da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, galibi a cikin waɗanda ke da tarihin haskakawa ga yawan zafin jini, mutane na iya haifar da ciwon sankara na thyroid. Tungiyar Thyroid ta Amurka ta kiyasta cewa a cikin Amurka kusan mutane 64,000 a kowace shekara suna kamuwa da cutar sanƙarar thyroid kuma ƙasa da 2,000 ke mutuwa daga cutar kansa.

Don bincika kansar karoid, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, da sauran cututtukan thyroid, masanin ilimin likita ko wani mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai gudanar da gwajin jiki kuma zai iya yi Gwajin aikin thyroid kamar TSH , T3, T4, da gwajin jini na antibody. A wasu lokuta, ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen hoto kamar su maganin karoid, duban dan tayi, ko gwajin daukar iodine na rediyo.

Abubuwa 3 da zaka iya yi don inganta lafiyar ka

Babu wata tabbatacciyar hanyar da za a iya hana cutar ta thyroid, amma yana yiwuwa a yi wa wuya a gida don taimakawa wajen bayyana goiter ko thyroid nodule, a cewar Dokta Rosenfeld. Ana yin hakan ta hanyar fuskantar madubi da lura da ƙananan wuya yayin shan ruwa. Ana iya samun ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan binciken wuyan akan Wayarwar ta thyroid gidan yanar gizo. Idan kana tunanin zaka iya samun goiter ko thyroid nodule, yi alƙawari don ganin likitanka yanzunnan kuma gwada waɗannan matakan don taimakawa inganta lafiyar ka.

1. Magungunan thyroid

Idan an gano ku tare da matsalar maganin thyroid, likitanku zai iya ba da umarnin maganin thyroid don taimakawa wajen magance yanayin da daidaita matakan hormone na thyroid. TSH ƙimomin al'ada sune 0.5 zuwa 5.0 mIU / L, a cewar Kiwan Lafiya na UCLA . Magungunan da akai-akai wajabta don maganganun thyroid sun hada da:

• Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid, Unithroid, Taya levothyroxine )
• Cytomel, Kashi ( liothyronine )
• Armor thyroid, Yanayin-Throid, Westhroid ( ƙonewar ƙwayar thyroid )
• Propylthiouracil (PTU)
• Tapazole ( methimazole )

Kamar yadda yake tare da yawancin magunguna, magungunan thyroid na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Wasu daga cikin sanannun sune:

• Canje-canje na ƙarancin abinci
• Gwanin zafi ko gumi
• Ciwon kai
• Rage nauyi ko riba
• Rashin hankali ko rashin bacci
• Ciwan jiki
• Ciwon kafa, haɗin gwiwa ko ciwon tsoka
• Gudawa, amai, ko ciwon ciki
• Rushewar fata
• Canje-canje a cikin jinin al'ada

Ya kamata ku guji shan antacids, PPIs (kamar omeprazole, pantoprazole da dai sauransu), sinadarai na ƙarfe, ko sinadarin calcium a cikin awanni huɗu na shan maganin thyroid.

2. Abincin thyroid

Kodayake babu wata shaidar tabbatar da ra'ayin cewa abincin ko motsa jiki na iya canza lafiyar thyroid, mutane da yawa suna da'awar cewa waɗannan abinci masu zuwa na iya taimakawa inganta aikin thyroid:

• Kayan lambu na teku, kamar nori da tsiren ruwan teku mai ci
• Maca kari
• Chlorophyll, ana samunsa a tsire-tsire kamar alayyafo da alkama
• Goro na Brazil
• Kayan marmari na gishiri (farin kabeji, broccoli, kale, da sauransu)

Masu bin tsarin cin abincin ka kuma suna da'awar ya kamata ka guji wasu abinci kamar su auduga da goro. Rashin kyauta da kuma guje wa furotin soya na iya taimakawa inganta aikin karoid, kamar yadda zai iya guje wa abincin da ke ɗauke da goitrogens, waɗanda abubuwa ne da za su iya tsoma baki tare da aikin thyroid yayin cinye su fiye da kima.

Amintaccen abinci tare da adadin iodine daidai zai iya taimakawa jikinka ya kasance cikin koshin lafiya gaba ɗaya, amma ba lallai zai taimake ka ka guji al'amuran thyroid ba.

Duk da abin da ake yawan samu a intanet, babu abinci, kari, ko motsa jiki da za su iya inganta lafiyar ka ko kuma hana cutar ta thyroid, in ji Dr. Rosenfeld. Yi hankali da kayan abinci mara kyau ko kari waɗanda aka touted don inganta lafiyar thyroid. Aƙalla dai, ɓarnatar da kuɗi ne, amma kuma suna da damar cutarwa. Inganta iodine da yawa, kayan marmarin giciye, ko wasu kari na iya shafar aikin thyroid.

3. Sanar da kai kuma kayi magana da mai baka lafiya

Zai yiwu mafi kyawun abin da zaka iya yi don inganta lafiyar ka, kamar yadda watannin wayar da kai na Thyroid ke tunatar da mu, shine koya game da alamomi da alamomin cutar ta thyroid da ɗaukar mataki idan ka yi tsammanin wani abu ba daidai ba ne game da maganin ka.

Kasancewa mai cikakken bayani game da haƙuri da aiki tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku duka suna da mahimmanci, in ji Sakatariyar Associationungiyar Thyroid ta Amurka Jacqueline Jonklaas, MD, Ph.D., farfesa a fannin ilimin ilimin ilimin kimiyya a Jami'ar Georgetown. Tungiyar Thyroid ta Amurka ta himmatu wajen raba bayanan tushen shaida ta hanyar laburarenmu na zanen tambayoyin da tambayoyin haƙuri da ke samuwa a thyroid.org .