Abin da muka sani game da alaƙa da alamun COVID-19 mai dorewa

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da har yanzu ba mu fahimta ba game da COVID-19, cutar da ta haifar da kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2 wacce ta fara a Wuhan, China, a cikin 2019 kuma ta zama annoba a duniya. Saboda wannan kwayar kwayar cutar kwayar cuta wata sabuwar cuta ce (kwayar cutar da ba a gano ta a baya ba), masana kimiyya da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya har yanzu suna kan matakin farko na fahimtar tasirinsa a jiki. Amma, sabon bincike yana kara bayyana kowace rana.

Areaaya daga cikin yankunan da ke samun ƙarin kulawa shine dogon lokaci, ko alamun bayyanar (da ake kira sequelae), da wasu mutane ke fuskanta daga COVID-19 bayan sun warke daga ƙwayar cutar. Yaya ya kamata ku damu game da kwayar cutar kwayar cuta? Na farko, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci alamun gargajiya na COVID-19.

Menene alamun COVID-19 kuma tsawon lokacin da suka saba yawanci?

Asali, mafi yawan alamun cututtukan COVID-19 sun haɗa da:

• Zazzaɓi
• Tari
• Rashin numfashi

Masana sun faɗaɗa tun daga wannan jerin don haɗa waɗannan ƙarin alamun alamun:

• Muscle ko ciwon jiki
• Ciwon kai
• Gajiya
• Rashin dandano (ageusia)
• Rashin wari (anosmia)
• Ciwon wuya
• Cushewar hanci ko hanci
• Tashin zuciya ko amai
• Gudawa

Wadannan alamun alamun yawanci suna bayyana kwana biyu zuwa 14 bayan kamuwa da kwayar , a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka na Amurka (CDC). Tsawan lokacin bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama har zuwa makonni biyu don lokuta masu sauƙi kuma har zuwa makonni shida ko fiye don lokuta masu tsanani . Abin da yake bayyane, duk da haka, shine wasu marasa lafiya na iya fuskantar coronavirus sequelae, ko matsaloli masu ɗorewa waɗanda ke ci gaba har zuwa wannan lokacin.

Menene coronavirus mai ladabi?

Sequelae kalma ce da ake amfani da ita don bayyana sakamakon cuta, yanayi, ko rauni. Duk wani kamuwa da cuta mai dauke da kwayar cuta na iya haifar da cututtukan bayan kwayar cuta, wanda ya hada da bayyanar cututtukan da ke dadewa (ko kuma bayan lokaci) bayan kun yi yaki da kamuwa da cuta. Menene waɗancan alamun alamun-kuma idan za ku gamu da su gabaɗaya-na iya bambanta, kuma yana iya dogara da abubuwan haɗari ko amsawar garkuwar jikinku.

Sequelae na iya zama na musamman musamman ga cututtukan coronavirus. Misali, bayanmai tsananin ciwo na numfashi (SARS) barkewar 2002-2003, binciken daya samu cewa mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar sun ba da rahoton jin kasala, raunin tsoka, da matsalolin bacci har zuwa shekaru uku daga baya. Shaidun farko sun nuna cewa irin wannan alamun na iya kasancewa kusa da wasu marasa lafiyar COVID-19.

Dokta Anthony Fauci, darektan NIH na National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, ya yi magana game da haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da COVID-19. Yayin wani taron manema labarai , ya nuna cewa mutane da yawa masu tsananin COVID-19 suna fuskantar hazowar ƙwaƙwalwa, gajiya, wahalar tattarawa da ta shafe su tsawon makonni bayan sun murmure daga wasu alamun.

Bincike yana iyakance game da COVID-19 da cututtukan bayan kwayar cuta, amma a cewar a wasika daga Jaridar Medicalungiyar Magunguna ta Amurka , 87% na 143 da aka kwantar da marasa lafiya a baya a Rome, Italiya, sun ba da rahoton fuskantar aƙalla alama guda ta ci gaba na tsawon watanni biyu ko fiye; musamman gajiya ko wahalar numfashi.

Wanene zai fuskanci cutar coronavirus?

Zai iya zama da wahala a hango wanda zai kamu da cutar, da wanda ba zai ji ba. Bincike yana ci gaba, kuma babu yarjejeniya tsakanin likitocin da ke kula da marasa lafiyar COVID-19.

Abin da muka koya game da SARS-CoV-2, ya zuwa yanzu, shi ne cewa cutar ta kwayar cuta ba sabon abu ba ne, musamman ga waɗanda aka kwantar da su a asibiti saboda tsananin kamuwa da cutar, waɗanda ke da yanayin da suke ciki (watau, ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini) , da sauransu), kuma mai yiwuwa irin na mata, in ji Robert Quigley, MD, masanin rigakafi da babban mataimakin shugaban kasa kuma daraktan kula da lafiya na yankin International SOS .

Magdalena Cadet, MD ,wani masanin kimiyyar cututtukan fata da ke zaune a New York kuma abokin tarayya da ke halartar Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta NYU Langone ya ce ya wuce wadanda ke da cutar mai tsanani. Abubuwan rikice-rikice na dogon lokaci ba koyaushe suke haɗuwa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da mummunar cuta ko asibiti ba, Dokta Cadet ya ce. An ga jerin cututtukan a cikin mutanen da ke fama da larurar COVID-19.

A wasu kalmomin, har yanzu ba a tabbatar da wanda cutar ta shafa ba.

Menene alamun cutar coronavirus?

Yayinda yawancin mutane zasu sami cikakken dawowa daga COVID-19, akwai wasu alamun alamun jinkiri waɗanda yakamata mutane su sani game dasu. Da farko dai, yana da mahimmanci a bayyana cewa wannan wata kwayar cuta ce ta asali (ma'ana ba a taba ganin ta ba) kuma muna ci gaba da koyo kuma muna da abubuwa da yawa da za mu koya game da shi, in ji Dokta Quigley. Abin da muka koya har yanzu, alamun bayyanar da ke daɗewa na iya faruwa kuma zai iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Wadannan alamun sun hada da:

• Zazzaɓi
• Gajiya
• Muscle ko ciwon jiki
• Hadin gwiwa
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Rashin numfashi
• Matsalar wahala (ko hazo ta ƙwaƙwalwa)
• Rashin mayar da hankali
• Rage ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• Ciwan ciki, ciwon zuciya, ko amai
• Ciwon kai
• Baccin wahala
• Rashin dandano ko wari na dogon lokaci
• Rashin gashi
• Cutar rashin karfin jiki

Dr. Cadet ya ga waɗannan alamun a cikin wasu marasa lafiyar COVID-19.Ba za su iya dawo da tsohuwar ƙarfinsu ko yanayin aikin kamuwa da cutar kamuwa da COVID-19 ba, in ji ta. Akwai wasu mutane wadanda kan iya samun lalacewar koda mai dorewa, toshewar jini, ko wasu matsalolin hanyoyin jini da fata da kuma hauhawar jini (hawan jini).

Ni n ƙari ga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta bayan ƙwayoyin cuta, COVID-19 na iya haifar da ɓarnar gabobi na dogon lokaci. A cewar wani binciken , COVID-19 na iya samun tasiri mai ɗorewa a zuciya. A cikin binciken, daga cikin mutane 100 da ba da daɗewa ba suka warke daga COVID-19 kuma suka karɓi MRI, 78 sun nuna shigar zuciya, kuma 60 suna da alamun cutar kumburi; waxanda suke da 'yanci daga yanayin da ake ciki. Shaida ma ta nuna cewa COVID-19 na iya haifar da lahani mai ɗorewa ga huhu, haɗe da fibrosis na bayan-COVID.

Har yaushe coronavirus zai fara aiki?

Yana iya yi wuri a gaya. Abin takaici, alama da lokaci na fuskantar bayyanar cututtuka, tsakanin waɗanda suka kamu da COVID-19 kuma suna murmurewa, ba shi yiwuwa a yi hasashe, in ji Dokta Quigley. Koyaya, ya ce tare da wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke samun [post-viral syndrome] gabaɗaya suna inganta cikin lokaci.

Me ke haifar da kwayar cutar coronavirus?

Akwai abubuwa da yawa na sirri da har yanzu ke tattare da illar cutar ta kwayar cutar coronavirus, amma masu bincike da masana kimiyya sun fara yin wasu hasashe kan dalilin da yasa cutar ta SARS-COV-2 na iya shafar wasu mutane fiye da yadda suka fi wasu, kuma ya bayyana a can na iya zama haɗuwa da kumburi wanda COVID-19 na iya jawowa.

Masana kimiyya yanzu sun san cewa SARS-COV-2 suna amfani da furotin na spiky akan membrane don yin hulɗa da haɗuwa da masu karɓar ACE 2, waɗanda ana iya gani a cikin huhu, zuciya, da gabobi daban-daban don haifar da martani mai zafi, Dr. Cadet ya ce . Wannan amsawar mai kumburi na iya haifar da matsaloli da yawa a cikin jiki. Lokacin da martani mai kumburi ya kasance a cikin overdrive, hadari na cytokine na iya haifar da yawancin cytokines ko sunadarai waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi don ɗaukar ƙwayoyin lafiya da gabobin da ke haifar da lalacewa kuma wani lokacin mutuwa.

Ya bayyana cewa akwai iya kasancewa haɗi tsakanin mai jujjuyawa da wannan kumburi. Akwai hujja na farko da ke nuna cewa alamun bayyanar cutar daga COVID-19 kamuwa da cuta na iyazama sakamakon sakamako mai kumburi na jiki, Dr. Quigley ya ce.

Kumburi na iya shafar manyan gabobi, kamar zuciya da huhu, kazalika.Tunda masu karɓar ACE 2 a cikin zuciya sun kamu da wannan kwayar cutar, ƙonewar ƙwayar jijiyar zuciya na iya faruwa, Dr. Cadet ya ce. Wasu mutane suna bayanin bugun zuciya, saurin zuciya (tachycardia), bugun zuciya mara kyau ko bugun kirji.

Har yanzu ba a san dalilin da ya sa wasu garkuwar jiki ke ba da amsa ta wannan hanyar ba. Mun san cewa wannan martanin yana da tasiri dangane da dalilai masu yawa (mai masaukin baki), in ji Dokta Quigley. Gabaɗaya, amsar jiki ga maharan baƙi ita ce samar da amsa mai kumburi. Wani ɓangare na abubuwan da ke faruwa sun haɗa da sakin cytokines, a cikin jini, wanda ke yin sulhu game da martani na rigakafi game da mai mamaye ƙasashen waje (kwayar cutar). A yayin da irin waɗannan masu shiga tsakani suka tsallake shingen ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Hakanan an lura da shi a cikin zaɓaɓɓun marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kamu da SARS a yayin ɓarkewar 2002-2003.

Me ya kamata ku yi idan kun fuskanci coronavirus sequelae?

Idan ka ci gaba da fuskantar alamun bayyanar cutar daga COVID-19 wanda ya shafe ka, akwai wasu matakan da zaka iya ɗauka. Don cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, magani yana mai da hankali kan sarrafa alamunku kuma yana iya haɗawa da:

• Shan magungunan rage radadin ciwo a-kanti kamar Tylenol ko ibuprofen
• Cin abinci mai kyau da lafiya
• Samun yawan bacci da kuma hutawa da rana kamar yadda ake bukata
• Yin dabarun shakatawa kamar su yoga, maganin tausa, da tunani

Kasancewa da buɗe tattaunawa tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku yana da mahimmanci, musamman don tsananin alamun cutar COVID-19. Yana da mahimmanci idan kuna da kamuwa da COVID-19 don kiyaye alƙawurra masu zuwa tare da ƙwararrunku da kuma sauran ƙwararru, gami da likitan zuciya, likitan huhu, likitan jijiyoyin jini, likitan jini, da likitan kimiyyar jiki, Dokta Cadet ya ba da shawara.

Yawancin mutane da suka gwada tabbatacce ga COVID-19 za su sami cikakken murmurewa kuma za su iya sa ran jin daɗi sau ɗaya da ƙwayar ta gama aikinta. Idan kun yi tunanin kuna fuskantar alamun cutar, ku bi su kuma ku sanar da su ga likitanku.