Menene matakan hawan jini na al'ada?
Ilimin Kiwon LafiyaJadawalin matakan jini | Hawan jini | Pressureananan hawan jini | Yaushe ake ganin likita
Ruwan jini shine ƙarfin jini akan bangon jijiyoyin jini yayin da yake motsawa cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Hawan jini na mutum zai tashi kuma ya faɗi a cikin yini duka, amma samun hauhawar hawan jini ko ƙasa da ƙasa na iya nuna alamun yanayin kiwon lafiya. Bari muyi zurfin zurfin duba matakan hawan jini don fahimtar me ake nufi idan hawan jininka yayi girma ko ƙasa.
Menene kewayon hawan jini na al'ada?
Yana da kyau ga matsakaicin matsakaicin matakan jini ya hauhawa a cikin yini bisa ga abin da suke ci, yadda suke damuwa, da kuma ko suna motsa jiki. Ana auna karfin jini ta amfani da lambobi biyu: systolic (lambar sama) da diastolic (lambar kasa). Ruwan jini na siystolic yana auna matsin lamba ne a cikin jijiyoyin jiki lokacin da zuciya ta buga, sannan kuma karfin jini na diastolic yana auna karfin da ke cikin jijiyoyin lokacin da zuciya ta huta tsakanin bugun. Ga jadawalin bugun jini daga Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka (AHA) don taimaka muku fahimtar ƙimar aunun jini:
Mafi yawan jini na mutane zai kasance a wani wuri ƙasa da 120/80 mmHg da sama da 90/60 mmHg. Karatun bugun jini da ke nuna lambobi a wajen wannan zangon na iya nuna cewa wani yana da hawan jini (hauhawar jini) ko ƙananan jini (hypotension). Idan ya shafi lambobin hawan jini, duka systolic da diastolic suna da mahimmanci. Har yanzu, hawan jini (lamba ta sama) ana ba da hankali sosai saboda samun babban hawan jini yana iya haɗuwa da ƙara haɗari na bugun jini da cututtukan zuciya.
Yayin da mutane suka tsufa, haɗarin kamuwa da hawan jini ya hauhawa. Manya masu shekaru 19-40 zasu sami matakan karfin jini wanda ke canzawa tsakanin 90-135 / 60-80 mmHg. Jagoran hawan jini na yau da kullun daga shekarar 2017 ya sanyawa wadannan matasa suna masu kamuwa da cutar hawan jini idan karfin jini na jini shine 130-139 ko kuma karfin jini na diastolic tsakanin 80-89 ne, amma maganin zai ta'allaka ne da haɗarin cutar cututtukan zuciya.
Dangantaka: Menene bugun zuciya na yau da kullun?
Matakan hawan jini
Kusan rabin manya na Amurka suna da hauhawar jini, kuma 1 cikin 4 ne kaɗai ke da halin da ake ciki, a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ( CDC ). Isticsididdiga daga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ( HUKUMAR LAFIYA TA DUNIYA ) ya bayyana cewa kimanin mutane biliyan 1.13 suna da cutar hawan jini a duniya kuma hakan babban dalili ne na saurin mutuwa.
Samun hawan jini yana shafar jiki ta hanyoyi da yawa. Hauhawar jini na sa zuciya tayi aiki fiye da yadda take, tana iya lalata jijiyoyin jiki, kara fadada zuciyar hagu ta zuciya, har ma ya haifar da larurar hankali, shanyewar jiki, da gazawar zuciya. Yawan hawan jini na tsawon lokaci na iya lalata kwayar ido a ido, ya haifar da gazawar hanta, cutar koda, da kuma rashin karfin jima'i.
Dangantaka: Statisticsididdigar cututtukan zuciya
Alamomin hawan jini
Kodayake matakan hawan jini na iya shafar jiki da kyau, yawanci baya haifar da alamomi har sai ya haifar da babbar matsalar lafiya kamar bugun jini ko bugun zuciya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa wasu lokuta ake magana da shi azaman mai kisan kai. Lokacin da yake haifar da alamomi da illoli, mutane masu cutar hawan jini na iya fuskantar ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin masu zuwa:
- Dizziness
- Ciwon kai
- Fuska fuska
- Ciwon kirji
- Rikicewa
- Hancin Hanci
- Rashin numfashi
- Bugun zuciya mara tsari
- Jini a cikin fitsari
Idan kana da ɗayan waɗannan alamun, ba lallai bane ya nuna cewa hawan jininka yayi yawa. Wasu mutane za su sami ɗaya ko fiye daga waɗannan alamun don dalilan da ba su da alaƙa, don haka koyaushe yana da kyau a duba cutar hawan jini a kai a kai.
Abubuwan da ke kawo hawan jini
Tabbas wasu mutane zasu sami babban haɗarin kamuwa da hauhawar jini fiye da wasu, kuma ya kamata waɗancan mutane su kula sosai da sa ido game da hawan jini. Gabaɗaya, matakan hawan jini na faruwa sannu a hankali akan lokaci, kodayake wani abu kamar damuwa na iya haifar da ɗan gajeren lokaci cikin bugun jini. Anan akwai sanannun halayen haɗari da sanadin hawan jini:
- Ciwon suga
- Kiba
- Rashin isasshen motsa jiki
- Rashin cin abinci mara kyau
- Shan taba
- Shan giya da yawa
- Tarihin iyali na hawan jini
- Yawan shekaru
Kodayake ana daukar hawan jini idan ya kasance 130/80 mmHg ko sama, yana yiwuwa kuma a sami lambar hawan jini mai hauhawa da kuma lambar hawan jini ta al'ada. Wannan yanayin ake kira keɓaɓɓen hauhawar jini , yawanci ana haifar da yanayin yanayin lafiya kamar ciwon sukari, hyperthyroidism, da matsalolin bawul na zuciya. Babban lambar ƙasa akan karatun bugun jini wataƙila sakamakon cinye sodium ne da yawa, kiba, shan giya da yawa, da rashin samun cikakken motsa jiki.
Maganin hawan jini
Yin maganin cutar hawan jini galibi ya ƙunshi haɗuwa da sauye-sauye na rayuwa da magunguna. Anan ne mafi yawan magungunan hauhawar jini:
| Mashahuri magungunan hawan jini | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sunan magunguna | Ajin magani | SingleCare tanadi |
| Atenolol | Beta toshewa | Samo coupon |
| Altace | Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mai hanawa | Samo coupon |
| Ruwa | ACE mai hanawa | Samo coupon |
| Prinivil | ACE mai hanawa | Samo coupon |
| Vasotec | ACE mai hanawa | Samo coupon |
| Lotensin | ACE mai hanawa | Samo coupon |
| Diovan | Angiotensin II mai karɓar mai karɓa (ARB) | Samo coupon |
| Norvasc | Calcium tashar toshewa | Samo coupon |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Diuretic | Samo coupon |
Dangantaka: Masu hana ACE vs. beta blockers
Lura: CDC ya hada da marasa lafiya tare da hauhawar jini a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari don kwangilar COVID-19 ko haɓaka rikitarwa na coronavirus.
Canjin rayuwa Hakanan zai iya rage matakan hawan jini. Wasu canje-canje masu tasiri sun haɗa da:
- Samun motsa jiki na yau da kullun
- Cin abinci mai kyau
- Iyakance yawan shan gishiri
- Kula da lafiyayyen nauyin jiki
- Gudanar da damuwa
- Iyakance shan giya
- Barin shan taba
Levelsananan matakan jini
Dukda cewa daidai yaduwar cutar hawan jini ba a sani ba, har yanzu yanayin yau da kullun ne wanda ke shafar mutane a duniya. Samun ƙananan jini na iya shafar jiki ta hanyoyi da yawa.
Alamomin cutar hawan jini
Anan ne mafi yawan alamun bayyanar cututtukan jini:
- Dizziness
- Rashin ƙarfi
- Haskewar kai
- Rikicewa
- Rashin gani
- Ciwan
- Gajiya
- Fata mai sanyi da gumi
- Saurin numfashi da sauri
Kwatsam saukar jini a cikin jini na iya haifar da ɗayan waɗannan alamun, kuma idan hawan jininka ya sauka ba zato ba tsammani, jikinku ma zai iya shiga cikin damuwa. Samun saukar karfin jini lokaci-lokaci na iya zama mai hadari saboda jiki ba zai samu isashshen iskar oxygen zuwa zuciya da kwakwalwa ba, wanda na iya haifar da lalacewar dindindin. Kodayake yana yiwuwa a samu alamomin daga cutar hawan jini, amma yawanci a samu saukar karfin jini kuma ba a da wata alamar. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa bincika yawan jini a kai a kai tare da mai lura da hawan jini yana da mahimmanci.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da hauhawar jini
Duk wani matakin hawan jini wanda yake kasa da 90/60 mmHg ana daukar shi mara kyau. Mafi yawan dalilan da suka sa aka saukar da hawan jini su ne karancin jini (tunani: rashin ruwa a jiki ko zubar jini), kan maganin hawan jini, ko shan wasu magunguna da za su iya rage hawan jini, in ji Susan Besser, MD, mai bayar da kulawa ta farko a Jinya Medical Center a cikin Baltimore.
Anan akwai wasu dalilai na yau da kullun don saurin saukarwa cikin matakan jini da hauhawar ci gaba:
- Ciki
- Wasu magunguna, kamar magungunan zuciya ko magungunan ɓacin rai
- Wasu matsalolin lafiya kamar cututtukan zuciya ko cututtukan thyroid
- Cutar da ke haifar da zubar jini ko kamuwa da jini
- Matsanancin canje-canje a yanayin zafin jiki
Wasu mutane suna iya samun ƙananan matakan karfin jini dangane da shekarunsu, jima'i, da tarihin lafiyarsu. Anan akwai manyan abubuwan haɗari don samun hauhawar jini:
- Yawan shekaru
- Da yake tana da ciki
- Samun ciwon sukari
- Samun matsalolin zuciya
- Samun cutar hanta
- Samun rashin daidaituwa na hormonal
- Samun karancin bitamin da / ko na gina jiki
Treatmentsananan jiyya na jini
Tsarin magani mai dacewa na hauhawar jini zai bambanta dangane da mutum da abin da ke haifar da ƙarancin hawan jini. Mafi kyawun mutum don tambaya game da yadda za a daidaita matakan karfin jini shine likita, amma gabaɗaya, jagorancin rayuwa mai kyau da shan magungunan hawan jini na iya taimakawa gyaran ƙarancin jini:
| Mashahurin magungunan ƙananan hawan jini | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sunan magunguna | Ajin magani | SingleCare tanadi |
| Fridrocortisone | Corticosteroid | Samo coupon |
| Midodrine | Alfa-1-agonist | Samo coupon |
Wasu canje-canje na rayuwa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da hauhawar jini ta al'ada, sun haɗa da:
- Shan ruwa mai yawa
- Ara yawan cin gishirin ku idan likita ya amince da shi
- Shan barasa kaɗan
- Guji tsayuwa na dogon lokaci
- Yin amfani da ƙananan maganin kafeyin idan likita ya amince da shi
- Cin abinci mai yawa, ƙarami, ƙananan abinci a cikin yini
Dangantaka: Maganin hawan jini da magunguna
Matakan hawan jini mai haɗari - lokacin da za a ga likita
Samun matakan jini wanda ke hawa da sauka kaɗan kadan abu ne na al'ada, amma wasu matakan jini ana ɗaukarsu marasa lafiya. Lokacin da matakan hawan jini suka yi yawa, wannan yana sanya damuwa ga zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, kwakwalwa, da idanu.
Da CDC ya bayar da rahoton cewa mafi yawan kwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya suna daukar matakan hawan jini idan suka karanta 130/80 mmHg, amma hawan jini baya zama mai barazanar rai har sai ya kai 180/120 mmHg ko sama da haka. Ana kiran wannan rikici na hauhawar jini kuma yana buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa. Idan hawan jininka ya haura 180/120 mmHg kuma kana fama da ciwon kirji, alamun bugun jini, ko bugun zuciya, ya kamata ka je wurin ER, in ji Dokta Besser. Matakan hawan jini mai haɗari waɗanda ba a kulawa da su na iya haifar da:
- Matsalar ƙwaƙwalwa
- Ajiyar zuciya
- Nishadi
- Kwatsam asarar aikin koda
- Rikicin ciki
- Makaho
A gefe guda, saukad da bugun jini ba zato ba tsammani na iya zama mai hadari, musamman ga tsofaffi, saboda sun fi saurin fuskantar rauni, jiri, da suma. Samun karancin karancin hawan jini wanda yake kasa da 90/60 mmHg yana da kyau, amma idan ka ci gaba da fuskantar rashin karfin jini, to yana iya zama lokacin da za a ziyarci ofishin likita.
