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Autism ƙididdigar 2021

Autism ƙididdigar 2021Labarai

Menene autism? | Yaya yawan cutar autism yake? | Autism ƙididdigar shekaru | Statisticsididdigar Autism ta launin fata da ƙabila | Rashin hankali | Yanayin kiwon lafiya tare | Kudaden da suka shafi hakan | Epidemiology | Bincike





Yaran da suke da wahalar yin tattaunawa, yin ido, ko jin tausayin wasu na iya dacewa da wani wuri a kan yanayin bambance-bambance. Suna iya samun halayyar tilastawa ko maimaita motsi. Kodayake wasu abubuwa kaɗan na iya kama su, suna iya kasancewa a baya kan yarensu ko ƙwarewar koyo. Autism bakan cuta (ASD) yana shafar 1 a cikin yara 54 a Amurka, kuma alamun bayyanar sun ɗan bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Babu magani ga rashin lafiya, kuma yanayi ne na rayuwa, amma wani farkon ganewar asali na iya inganta rayuwar rayuwar mutane da keɓaɓɓu da kuma ayyukansu da alaƙar su.



Menene autism?

Autism ne mai ci gaban cuta hakan yana shafar sadarwa da ɗabi'a. An yi amannar cewa sanadi ne abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli da kwayoyin halitta . Waɗanda ke da autism suna da alaƙar mu'amala da mawuyacin hali kuma suna da maimaita halaye da abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali akai. Autism ita ma cuta ce ta bakan, ma'ana tsananin da kewayon alamun sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Da ke ƙasa akwai indicatorsan alamomi na autism, bisa ga Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V.

  • Babu magana ko nunawa ta shekara 1
  • Babu kalmomin guda ɗaya da shekaru 16 ko kalmomin kalmomi biyu da shekara 2
  • Rashin ikon iya yin abota da abokan zama
  • Rashin iya aiki don farawa ko ci gaba da tattaunawa da wasu
  • Maimaitawa ko amfani da yare
  • Abun ɗabi'a mai ban sha'awa ko mai da hankali
  • Shagaltarwa da wasu abubuwa ko batutuwa
  • Riƙe biyayya ga takamaiman ayyukan yau da kullun ko al'adu

ASD ana iya ɗaukarsa azaman abu wanda ke tasiri harshe da ka'idar tunani, in ji shi Merriam Saunders , LMFT, masanin halayyar dan adam a California. Ga wasu, tasirin harshe yana nufin ba sa sautin ko kuma suna da iyakantaccen amfani da yare. Waɗannan galibi galibin lokuta ne [mafi tsananin]. Ka'idar tunani kalma ce mai kyau don mutum ya fahimci cewa abin da ke cikin kaina ba lallai ba ne a cikin kanku, ku ma. Wani lokacin ne saboda wannan wahalar yasa mutane masu cutar ASD suke samun matsalar fahimta [cewa] wani ba zai so yin magana ko ji dogo game da abin da suka fi so ba.



Saunders ya kuma bayyana cewa wasu alamun alamun, kamar maganganun azanci (wahala tare da sauti, ɗanɗano, taɓawa, haske), na iya zama daga mai tsanani zuwa mai rauni.

Yaya yawan cutar autism take?

  • 1 cikin yara 160 a duk duniya suna da cuta ta rashin lafiya. ( Binciken Autism , 2012)
  • Kusan 1 cikin yara 54 na Amurka suna da cutar rashin lafiya. (Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, 2020)
  • Autism ya kasance kusan kusan 2% na yara masu shekaru 8 a cikin 2016. (Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka, 2020)
  • Autism ya kasance sau hudu a cikin yara maza fiye da na 'yan mata kamar na 2016 a Amurka (Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka, 2020)

Autism ƙididdigar shekaru

Yau, bincikar cututtukan Autism yawanci suna faruwa ne tun lokacin ƙuruciya, wanda hakan na iya zama dalilin da ya sa ƙimar autism a cikin yara ta fi ta manya girma. Koyaya, saboda ma'anar rashin daidaiton bakan yana da tasiri sosai samo asali , matasa da manya da yawa na iya rayuwa tare da cutar ASD da ba a gano ta ba.

  • Daga cikin waɗannan yara da ke fama da rashin lafiya, an kimanta kashi 44 cikin ɗari na shekara 3. (Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, 2020)
  • Yaran da suka kamu da cutar rashin lafiya na rashin lafiya suna da shekaru tsaka-tsakin shekaru 4 da watanni 3. (Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, 2020)
  • An kiyasta yawan yaduwar cutar ta autism a cikin manya waɗanda aka haifa tsakanin 1980 da 2012 sun wuce 2.8% saboda sabbin ka'idojin bincike. Wannan kusan 3 daga kowane 100 manya a Amurka a nan gaba na iya ɗaukar ganewar asali bisa ga wannan sabon mizanin. (Bude Zuciya, 2018)

Statisticsididdigar Autism ta launin fata da ƙabila

Diagnosedungiyoyin marasa rinjaye ana bincikar su tare da autism daga baya kuma sau da yawa sau da yawa.



  • Ganewar asali na cututtukan bambance-bambance na autism shine mafi girma a cikin yara farare waɗanda ba 'yan asalin Hispaniki ba (18.5 cikin 1,000).
  • Statisticsididdigar Autism sune mafi ƙanƙanci tsakanin yaran Hispanic (15.4 cikin 1,000).
  • Yawan yaduwar cutar Autism a cikin shekaru 8 ya karu da 10% tsakanin 2014 da 2016, kuma sun karu da 175% tsakanin 2000 da 2016.

(Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, 2020)

Yin aiki da hankali tsakanin yara tare da autism

Autism ba nakasa ce ta ilmantarwa ba, amma yana iya shafar aiki na fahimi. Wasu yara a kan bakan autism suna da jinkiri a magana ko ilmantarwa, yayin da wasu ba su. Saboda cuta ce ta bakan, wadannan jinkirin na iya zama daga mai rauni zuwa mai tsanani.

  • Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yara masu fama da autism an lasafta su a matsayin masu fama da matsalar ƙwaƙwalwa (IQ daidai yake da ƙasa da 70).
  • 7% fiye da 'yan mata fiye da yara maza an gano cewa suna da nakasa ta hankali tare da autism (39% a kan 32%).
  • 24% na yara masu fama da autism suna da IQ a cikin iyakar iyaka (IQ 71-85).
  • Baƙar fata (47%) da yaran Hispanic (36%) sun fi yara fari (27%) damar samun nakasa ta ilimi tare da autism.

(Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, 2020)



Autism da yanayin haɗin gwiwa

Babu magani ko magani don cutar rashin jituwa ta Autism. Havwararren ƙwarewa shine mafi ingancin maganin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, yawancin (95%) na yara masu fama da rashin ƙarfi suna da aƙalla yanayin haɗuwa guda ɗaya, wanda galibi ana iya magance shi.

  • Fiye da rabi (53%) suna da autism da rashin kulawar cututtukan cututtuka.
  • Fiye da rabi (51%) suna da autism da damuwa.
  • Kwata (25%) suna da autism da baƙin ciki.
  • Akalla kashi 60% na yara masu fama da rashin lafiya za su sami yanayi guda biyu masu haɗari (misali, matsalolin bacci, kamuwa, ƙwarewar hankali, ko matsalolin ciwan ciki).

(Bude Zuciya, 2018)



Dangantaka: Shin ana yiwa yaronka rashin ganewar rashin lafiya?

Kudin autism

Kulawa, kulawa, da sasantawa don abubuwan da ke faruwa tare suna haifar da tsada mai yawa ga Amurkawa da keɓaɓɓu.



  • Autism yana kashe $ 60,000 a kowace shekara a kan matsakaici ta hanyar yarinta saboda ayyukan ilimi na musamman, tsadar kiwon lafiya, da kuma iyayen da suka rasa ladan su.
  • Kudade sun karu a cikin mutanen da ke da nakasassu da nakasawar hankali.
  • Mahaifiyar galibi ita ce mai ba da kulawa na farko ga yaron da ke fama da rashin lafiya. A matsakaici, uwayen yara masu fama da ASD suna samun kaso 35% ƙasa da iyayen yara waɗanda ke da wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya kuma 56% ƙasa da iyayen yara waɗanda ba su da nakasa ko damuwa.
  • An yi hasashen kudin da za a kula da mutanen da ke dauke da cutar zai kai dala biliyan 461 nan da shekarar 2025 a Amurka

(Autism yayi magana, 2018)

Dangantaka: Gudanar da magunguna don mutanen da ke da nakasa



Shin autism annoba ce?

Kafin tattauna ko waɗannan lambobin suna nuna annoba, ya zama dole a fahimta me ya sa ƙididdigar autism sun karu. Bala'in annoba shine ƙaruwa cikin ƙimar sabbin al'amuran. Koyaya, ba a san ko yaduwar ƙwayar cuta ta gaske ta ƙaru ko kuma idan ƙari ne kawai na bincikar lafiya.

Chris Abildgaard , LPC, marubuci don Autism Iyaye Mujallar ta bayyana cewa akwai karuwar mutanen da aka gano na rashin lafiyar saboda, fadada ma'anar daga autism zuwa cutar rashin hankalin (ASD); ƙaruwa da ilimin rashin lafiya ta ƙwararru, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin mafi kyau da bincike na farko; ƙarin daidaito ta hanyar Sadarwar CDC na Autism da Ci gaban Rashin Lafiya na Kulawa (ADDM) a cikin hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita don gano al'amuran; (da) ƙarin ƙaruwa na ainihin adadin haihuwar yara da cuta.

Binciken Autism