Tsarin haihuwa na maza: Zaɓuɓɓuka na yanzu da sababbin nasarori

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Samuwar zabi don hana daukar ciki ya kasance babban abin alfahari ga mutane idan ya shafi tsarin iyali kuma hana daukar ciki ba zato ba tsammani . Abin da aka faɗi, galibi ya hau kan mata saboda akwai wadatar hanyoyin da za a iya samu a gare su. Koyaya, cigaban baya-bayan nan game da hana daukar ciki na maza ya sanya hakan ta yadda za'a samu karin hanyoyin shawo kan haihuwa ga maza wadanda suke da kuma a sararin samaniya.

8 zabin hana haihuwa ga maza

Har zuwa kwanan nan, manyan hanyoyin hana daukar ciki na maza sun hada da janyewa, da robar roba, da kuma maganin vasectomies. Koyaya, an sami sabon ci gaba a duniya game da hana haihuwa: Akwai sabbin zaɓuɓɓuka duka a halin yanzu akwai kuma a ci gaba.

Yawa kamar a batun hana daukar ciki na mata, kowace hanya tana zuwa da fa'idodi da cutarwa, gwargwadon yanayinku na musamman.

Zaɓuɓɓukan kulawar haihuwa ga maza sun haɗa da:

1. Kwaroron roba
2. Hanyar waje
3. Janyewa (ko ja)
4. Kwayar hana haihuwa ta maza
5. Rikicin kula da haihuwa na maza
6. Gel mai hana haihuwa
7. Maganin farji
8. Vasectomies marasa aiki

1. Kwaroron roba

Samuwar: Akwai don sayan akan kanti

Kwaroron roba ya kasance sanannen nau'in kula da haihuwa ga maza saboda ingancinsu game da ɗaukar ciki da cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STIs). Kwaroron roba ya fi tasiri fiye da cirewa kuma ana iya amfani da shi tare da wasu nau'ikan hana haihuwa (misali, tare da wata mata wacce ke shan kwayar hana haihuwa).

Idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai, kwaroron roba na iya yin tasiri sosai wajen hana ɗaukar ciki; Koyaya, akwai dama da yawa ga kuskuren ɗan adam wanda zai iya basu damar yin tasiri sosai. Misali, idan aka sanya robar hana daukar ciki ba daidai ba, ko kuma yana da kananan ramuka ko hawaye, wasu maniyyi na iya wucewa ga kwayayen, wanda zai sa a sami damar yin hadi.

Idan kana amfani da kwaroron roba azaman hanyar hana haihuwa, yana da mahimmanci ka tabbatar basu kare ba, an adana su daidai, kuma an saka su yadda ya kamata.

2. Hanyar fita waje

Samu: Akwai don amfani

Bisa lafazin Tsarin Iyaye , Saduwa ita ce jima'i wanda bai shafi shigar al'ada ba (azzakari cikin farji). A matsayin wani nau'i na hana haihuwa, saduwa ta waje tana da tasiri wajan hana maniyyi da kwai haduwa, wanda ya zama dole don hadi ya faru.

Saduwa da juna na iya nufin abubuwa daban-daban ga mutane daban-daban, don haka a wasu yanayi, wannan na iya haɗawa da jima'i ta baka ko ta dubura. Kodayake waɗannan ayyukan ba za su haifar da haɗuwa ba (sai dai idan maniyyin ya ƙare har ya shiga cikin farji), kwaroron roba yana da kyau don hana STIs.

3. Janyewa

Samu: Akwai don amfani

Janyewa an fi saninsa da Hanyar Cire Hanyar. Wannan shine lokacin da namiji ya cire azzakarinsa kafin fitar maniyyi don hana maniyyin ya isa ga kwan mace. A matsayin hanyar hana haihuwa, ba shi da tasiri sosai, saboda yana da matukar wahala ayi daidai yadda ya kamata. Akwai damar cewa maniyyi zai iya kaiwa ga kwan, yana haifar da ɗaukar ciki.

Kodayake wannan hanyar ba ta da tasiri sosai, amma ta fi samun nasarar hana daukar ciki fiye da amfani da wata hanyar hana daukar ciki kwata-kwata.

4. Kwayar hana haihuwa ta maza

Samuwar: A ci gaba

A watan Maris na 2018, an sami ci gaba idan aka zo batun hana haihuwa ga maza a cikin kwaya. Masana kimiyya a Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa da Eunice Kennedy Shriver na Kiwon Lafiyar Yara da Ci gaban Dan Adam sanar cewa sun kammala gwajin farko na kwaya daya ta maza dauke da dimethandrolone undecanoate ( DMAU ). A yayin karatun su, maza masu lafiya 100 sun sha kashi DMAU a rana, kuma bayan kwanaki 28 aka lura da maganin hana haihuwa mai inganci. Nazarin su ya tabbatar da cewa mahalarta maza sun yi haƙuri da miyagun ƙwayoyi sannan kuma bayan kwanaki 28, an sami raguwar haihuwar su zuwa kusa da matakin jefawa.

Magungunan yana aiki ta hanyar rage matakan homonin namiji kamar su testosterone da kuma hana samuwar kwayoyin maniyyi. Dr. Kendra Segura , Tabbataccen kwamiti OBGYN yayi bayanin cewa Dimethandrolone undecanoate (DMAU) kwayar androgen / anabolic steroid / progesterone kwaya daya tak a kowace rana wacce take danne FSH da LH wanda ke haifar da raguwar samar da kwayar testosterone da maniyyi. Ta ce a halin yanzu yana cikin gwaji na asibiti don tantance tasirin lokaci mai tsawo kan kodan, hanta, libido, [da] ɓacin rai.

Sauran karatun asibiti suma suna binciken wani Sigar allurar DMAU . Koyaya, saboda doguwar hanyar amincewa da magani ta FDA, ƙila ba za mu ga wannan ba a kasuwa na dogon lokaci.

5. Harin hana haihuwa na maza

Samuwar: A ci gaba

Wani bincike na 2016 wanda CONRAD da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya suka dauki nauyi sun duba ko wani hadewar sinadarai da aka gabatar wa maza ta hanyar allura yana da tasiri ga maganin hana haihuwa. Koyaya, binciken ya ƙare da wuri saboda tsananin illa da rikicewar yanayin da ya haifar da harbin.

Harbin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan aiki na dogon lokaci na progestin, norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN), da androgen, testosterone undecanoate (TU). Ana ba mahalarta maza harba kowane mako takwas a matsayin wani nauin hana daukar ciki. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yayin da alluran suka kasance masu tasiri kusan kusan hana kwayayen maniyyi, illolin sun yi tsanani sosai don binciken ya ci gaba. Mahalarta mahalarta sun sami ƙuraje, ciwo a wurin allurar, ƙara yawan jima'i, rashin ƙarfi na al'aura, da rikicewar yanayi.

A cikin 'yan watannin nan, masu bincike a Indiya sun kammala gwaje-gwaje na asibiti game da allurar haihuwa ta haihuwar namiji da ake kira RISUG (hana juyawar maniyyi karkashin jagora). A cewar Dokta Segura, wannan allura ce mai kamar gel, wanda ke kashe maniyyi. RISUG yana aiki ne ta hanyar sanya allurar gel polymer a cikin gabobin jijiyoyin maza don toshe kwayoyin maniyyi daga barin jiki. Wannan yana haifuwa namiji, yana hana daukar ciki. Allura guda ɗaya na iya tasiri har zuwa shekaru 13 kuma ana iya juyawa idan ya zama dole ta wani allurar da ke narke gel ɗin. RISUG yana nuna babban alƙawari ga maza waɗanda ba sa son dindindin, aikin tiyata. Gwajin sun haɗa da batutuwa maza fiye da 300 kuma sun sami nasarar nasara fiye da 97% hana rigakafin ciki. A halin yanzu yana jiran izinin magani na doka a Indiya.

A Amurka, Vasalgel, wacce hanya ce ta hana haihuwa ta hanyar RISUG, tana cikin cigaba. Babu tabbacin lokacin da Vasalgel zai shiga kasuwannin Amurka idan gwaji ya yi nasara.

6. Gel mai hana haihuwa

Samuwar: A ci gaba

Ana kiran gel mai hana haihuwa Nestorone-Testosterone (NES / T) ya kasance yana cikin aiki fiye da shekaru goma kuma yana da damar kasancewa zaɓi mai matukar tasiri na kula da haihuwar haihuwa ga maza. Gel din yana rufe homonototropin kuma yana rage yawan kwayar testosterone a cikin gwaji. Wannan yana rage ƙarancin maniyyi, wanda hakan yana hana ɗaukar ciki. Gel ɗin, wanda FDA ke ba da shawarar shafawa a kafaɗa yau da kullun, ya nuna yana da tasiri wajen hana haɓakar maniyyi a cikin 2012 karatu na maza 99. Wani gwaji na asibiti fara a cikin 2018.

Saboda tsauraran matakan tsaro da tsarin yarda da Abinci da Magunguna (FDA) ke buƙata, ba za a sami wannan magani na kasuwanci na ɗan lokaci ba. Ana tsammanin gel don kammala aikin gwaji na asibiti ta 2022, bayan wannan lokacin za a yanke shawara don motsa miyagun ƙwayoyi zuwa cikin binciken na Phase III mafi girma.

7. Maganin farji

Samuwar: Akwai shi azaman aikin tiyata

Ofaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan kulawar haihuwa da aka fi amfani da su ga maza shine maganin vasectomy. Vasectomy ya hada da haifuwa na tiyata, wanda yake da matukar tasiri, amma ya kamata a dauke shi na dindindin. Ana iya juya su a wasu yanayi, amma ba duka ba, har ma da juya baya cikin nasara, damar samun ciki ya ƙi dangane da tsawon lokacin tun lokacin da aka fara aikin vasectomy. Ta hanyar amfani da vasectomy, ana yanke bututun da ke dauke da maniyyi daga kwayar halittar jikin mahaifa kuma a rufe su. Wannan yana nufin cewa an sanya mutumin ba shi da haihuwa don dalilai na ɗaukar ciki. Maniyyin ya zauna a cikin kwayar halittar jikin mutum - kuma daga maniyyi - kuma daga ƙarshe sai jiki ya sha kansa.

Vasectomies hanya ce ta yau da kullun tare da ƙananan haɗari kuma yawanci ana yin ta ne a cikin ofis .. Lalacewar sakamako wanda zai iya tashi bayan yin aikin ya iya haɗawa da zubar jini, kumburi, da rauni. Complicationsananan rikitarwa suna da wuya. Vasectomies suna da matukar tasiri wajan hana daukar ciki, amma, basa kariya daga STIs.

8. Vasectomies marasa aiki

Samu: Akwai don amfani

Sabbin sababbin abubuwa sun haifar da hanyoyin vasectomy. Wannan haka lamarin yake tare da aikin vasectomy. Kaman kamar vasectomy na al'ada, ana yanke vas deferens don hana maniyyi fita daga kwayar halittar. Koyaya, hanyar ta banbanta ta yadda maimakon yin amfani da fatar kan mutum don yin ƙwanƙwasa a cikin mahaifa, ana yin ƙaramin huda a cikin fata tare da kayan aiki na musamman. Wannan kayan aikin sannan a hankali ya shimfiɗa fata, yana barin buɗewa ta isa ga ɓarna. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin zub da jini, ƙananan rikitarwa, babu buƙatar ɗinki, da kuma saurin dawowa.

Kalubale na samun ikon haihuwar maza zuwa kasuwa

Kamar kowane sabon magani, samun sabon salon sarrafa haihuwa zuwa kasuwa yana wakiltar babban ƙalubale. Babban kalubale ga samun izinin magunguna da aka amince da su a kasuwa a Amurka shine lokaci da kuɗin kuɗi da ake buƙata don gudanar da gwaji na asibiti, in ji Amber Cann, Pharm.D. kuma mai shi Mahimmancin Venus . Daga gano miyagun ƙwayoyi zuwa matakin ƙarshe na gwaji na iya ɗaukar shekaru 20 da ɗaruruwan miliyoyin daloli. Ta kara da cewa magungunan da ba su da babbar kasuwa suna da mawuyacin lokacin yin bincike.

Kamar yadda yake da kowane sabon magani, dole ne a magance illolin idan har za a ɗauke su amintattu kuma masu tasiri sosai don amfani a cikin jama'a. Idan ya shafi kula da haihuwar namiji, wani cikas shine buƙatar samfurin ya zama mai tasiri kamar yadda ake da ita na hana haihuwa (kamar su zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa waɗanda sun riga sun kasance game da hana daukar ciki na mata, gami da hana daukar ciki na ciki da IUD).

Linearfin maganin hana haihuwa na maza

Kodayake akwai sabbin abubuwan ci gaba masu ban sha'awa game da hana haihuwar namiji a cikin ayyukanda, a halin yanzu zabin da ake samu a kasuwa yana da iyaka. A nan gaba, samun ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka don maganin hana haihuwa na maza na iya samun fa'idodi da yawa da taimakawa taimakawa mata daga kasancewa mafi yawan alhaki idan ya zo ga rigakafin daukar ciki.

Ba tare da la'akari da wace hanyar kula da haihuwa da kuka zaba ba, yana da mahimmanci kuyi magana da likitan ku game da tasirin sa da kuma duk wata illa da zaku iya fuskanta. Don ƙarin bayani game da zaɓuɓɓukan hana haihuwar maza, bincika Makomar Kula da Haihuwar Namiji .