Gwajin cutar kansa yana bukatar maza

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Ka yi tunani game da duk mazan da ke danginku-uba, kakanni, yayye maza, kawunsu. A kididdiga, 1 cikin kowane 9 daga cikinsu za a kamu da cutar sankara a wani lokaci a rayuwarsa. Labari mai dadi shine, tare da bincikar cutar kansa, kusan dukkansu zasu tsira. Lokacin da aka gano cutar kansar mafitsara a lokacin matakan farko - wato, kafin cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa wani ɓangare na jiki sosai - ƙimar rayuwa kusan 100%, a cewar Mai duba (Kulawa, Ilimin Cututtuka, da Resultsarshen Sakamako), wanda Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa (NCI) ke kula da shi .

A zahiri, yawancin cututtukan daji suna da ƙimar rayuwa lokacin da likitoci suka kama su da wuri. Abin da ya sa kenan NCI ta ba da shawarar duba cutar kansa ga maza don cutar sankara mafi yawan mutane a wasu shekaru.

Wanene ya kamata ya gwada kansa?

Duk maza ya kamata a bincikar su don cutar kansar mafitsara, da kansar hanji, da kuma kansar mahaifa, in ji Anjali Malik, MD , masanin ilmin rediyo kuma masanin kansar a Washington, DC. Mazaje wadanda suke da babban haɗari, kamar masu shan sigari ko kuma mutanen da ke da tarihin dangi, suma ya kamata a duba su don kamuwa da cutar kansa ta huhu da kuma cutar kansa ta fata. Kuma mutanen da ke da wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, shan wasu magunguna, ko waɗanda suke da tarihin dangi na cutar sankarau ya kamata a bincika su ma.

Amma yaya idan kuna da lafiya in ba haka ba kuma ba ku da abubuwan haɗarin cutar kansa?

Binciken da ake yi na marasa lafiya ne, don haka hatta wadanda ke cikin koshin lafiya suna bukatar yin bincike akai-akai ta hanyar tsarin NCCN, in ji Dokta Malik. NCCN ita ce Cibiyar Sadarwar Ciwon Nationalasa ta .asa. An san jagororinta a matsayin mizani na aikin asibiti da kula da cutar kansa.

Yaushe ya kamata a bincika maza don cutar kansa?

Kowane nau'in ciwon daji yana da nasa abubuwan haɗarin da suka shafi shekaru. Bi wannan jagorar don bincika kansar ga maza ta shekaru da nau'in cutar kansa, ko amfani da hanyoyin da ke ƙasa don tsallakewa zuwa wani sashe.

• Ciwon daji na Prostate
• Ciwon kwayar cutar
• Colorectal (mallaka) ciwon daji
• Sauran cututtukan daji

Ciwon daji na Prostate

Shekarun haihuwa na bincikar cutar kanjamau: Ya kamata a fara binciken shekara-shekara tun yana da shekaru 40 ga maza da ke da dangi na farko wanda ya kamu da cutar ta prostate ko ta sankarar mama, in ji shi Kuma Sperling , MD, darektan lafiya na Sperling Prostate Center a Delray Beach, Florida. Ga mazaunan Baƙin Amurkawa ba tare da wasu dalilai masu haɗari ba, kuma ga maza da sauran duk wasu abubuwan haɗarin shekarun da za a fara binciken su 45 ne, kuma shekaru 50 na duka maza. Ya lura da cewa cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) bayar da shawarar barin gwajin prostate ga maza a shekara 70 idan suna cikin ƙoshin lafiya. Amma tunda tsofaffin maza suna da wata cuta mai saurin tashin hankali idan aka gano su a ƙarshen rayuwarsu, Dokta Sperling ya ba da shawarar ci gaba da gwaje-gwajen shekara-shekara muddin mutumin yana da aƙalla shekaru 10 na rayuwa.

Hanyoyin haɗari: Cutar sankarar sankara ta farko ba ta da wata alama, in ji Dokta Sperling. Don haka maza masu abubuwan haɗari masu zuwa yakamata su sami gwajin jini na PSA na shekara-shekara wanda zai fara tun yana shekaru 45: tarihin iyali na prostate ko kansar nono; kabilanci (Mazaunan Afirka baƙi sun kasance suna cikin haɗari mafi girma, kodayake ana tambayar wannan a matsayin kayan tarihin tattalin arziki da labarin ƙasa); shekaru (haɗarin cutar kansar mafitsara yana ƙaruwa yayin da maza ke tsufa); bayyanar da abubuwa masu guba kamar Wakilin Orange, da sauransu; halaye marasa kyau na rayuwa masu alaƙa da kiba, kumburi, da ciwon sukari.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Yawancin abubuwan da ke tattare da cutar sankarar sankara sun fi karfin iko. Koyaya, yana iya yuwuwa don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta cin ƙananan kitse, abinci mai yalwar fiber, motsa jiki a kai a kai, da kiyaye ƙoshin lafiya na jiki.

Gwajin gwaji: Gwajin cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya haɗawa da ɗaya ko fiye na gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini na PSA (Prost-takamaiman antigen) gwajin jini: yana gano matakan PSA masu girma a cikin jini, wanda zai iya nuna cutar kansa ta prostate.
• Gwajin dubura na dijital (DRE): Dikita ya sanya yatsan hannu, mai lubbace a cikin duburarku don hannu jin ƙarancin ku na prostate don kumburi ko faɗaɗawa.
• Prostate MRI (hoton maganadisu): Hoto da ke amfani da maganadisu don nuna hoton prostate dinka.

Dokta Sperling ya gaya mana cewa a da, ana yin gwajin ne kawai ta hanyar gwajin jini na PSA da DRE, wanda hakan ya haifar da ganowar cutar kansar mafitsara. Wannan saboda abubuwan da binciken PSA ya gano suma suna cikin mazajen da kawai ke da cuta ko kumburi na prostate. Kuma wani lokaci ana samun karuwar prostate ne sanadiyyar cutar hyperplasia mai saurin kamuwa da cuta, wanda ba kansa bane.

Ya ba da shawarar cewa maza su sami gwajin PSA kowace shekara. Idan sakamakon gwajin yayi yawa, yakamata a maimaita gwajin PSA. Idan maimaitawar har yanzu tana da shakku, Dokta Sperling ya ba da shawarar MRI mai yawan kwalliya (mpMRI) don kauce wa rashin ganewar asali.

Irin wannan hoton yana da akalla 95% daidai a gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari waɗanda zasu iya buƙatar ƙarin magani, in ji Dokta Sperling. Hakanan, ana iya bincikar wannan ta hanyar binciken ƙwaƙwalwar da aka tsara ta MRI, wanda ke amfani da ƙananan allura da aka tura zuwa yankin da ake tuhuma don iyakar daidaitowar bincike. Idan tabbatacce ne ga cutar kansa, za a iya shirya maganin da aka yi daidai da bukatun mutum.

Mutanen da ake kulawa da su tare da karin kwayoyin testosterone don hypogonadism suma ana bincikar su sosai don cutar kansar ta prostate.

Dangantaka: Maganin kansa da magunguna

Ciwon kwayar cutar

Shekarun gwajin cutar kansa na mahaifa: Gwajin gwaji na gwaji ya kamata ya fara tun yana shekara 15 kuma ya kamata ya faru duk shekara a ziyarar kowane mutum da kyau. Koyaya, da CDC ya ce babu wadatattun shaidu da ke nuna cewa binciken na rage mutuwa don bayar da shawarar dubawa akai-akai

Hanyoyin haɗari: A cewar NCI, kansar mahaifa ba ta da yawa . An fi samunta cikin maza da samari tsakanin shekara 15 zuwa 34. Maza farare sun fi maza baƙi damar kamuwa da irin wannan cutar ta daji sau huɗu. Samun ƙwarjin fata wanda ba shi da mahimmanci shima yana da haɗari.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Babu wata hanyar da za ta rage haɗarinku don cutar kansa ta mahaifa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa gwajin gwajin shekara-shekara ke da mahimmanci. Yawancin lokaci cutar sankarar mahaifa za a iya warkar da ita, koda kuwa an gano ta a ƙarshen mataki.

Gwajin gwaji: Babu wani gwajin nunawa na hukuma don cutar kansar mahaifa. Koyaya, likitanku yakamata yayi nazarin ƙwayoyinku a gwajin ku na shekara-shekara, yana jin duk wani ƙwanƙollen da ake tsammani. Sau da yawa maza kan fara gano kansar ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa ne, ko dai kwatsam ko yayin gwajin kai.

Colorectal (mallaka) ciwon daji

Ciwon kansa na shekarun tsufa : Ya kamata a fara binciken kansar hanji nan da shekaru 50, amma, yawancin al'ummomin kwararru sun fara ba da shawarar a duba tun kafin [shekaru 40] kamar yadda muke ganin kananan yara da kanana da suka kamu da cutar kansa, ta ce Rebecca Berens , MD, likitan iyali kuma mai gidan Vida Family Medicine a Houston.

Da CDC ya bada shawarar nunawa yana farawa tun yana ɗan shekara 50. Kodayake, shawarar fara binciken kowane irin ciwon daji ya kamata a keɓance shi bisa lamuran haɗarin mutum. A cikin mutane masu haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta hanji, ana ba da shawarar a fara tun da wuri. Ya kamata maza su karɓi gwajin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta kowace shekara. Ana ba da shawarar yin colonoscopies bayan karɓar sakamakon gwajin ɓarna, ko kuma duk bayan shekaru 10 idan duk sakamakon gwajin al'ada ne. Idan kwayar cutar ta nuna wani polyps, yana iya bukatar a maimaita shi akai-akai, in ji Dokta Berens. Ana ba da shawarar yin binciken kansar hanji har zuwa shekara 75, amma ana iya ci gaba bayan shekara 75 bisa tattaunawar keɓaɓɓu tsakanin mai haƙuri da likitansa.

Hanyoyin haɗari: Babban mawuyacin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa shi ne shekaru, halittar jini, tarihin iyali, da kuma tarihin mutum game da cututtukan hanji. Rashin cin abinci mara kyau (musamman abinci mai ƙarancin fiber / 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu da abinci mai sarƙaƙƙiya), iyakantaccen motsa jiki, shan sigari, da shan giya suma suna ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, in ji Dr. Berens.

Yadda zaka rage haɗarin ka: Ku ci abinci mai wadataccen fiber wanda ke ɗauke da ofa fruitsan vegetablesa fruitsan itace da kayan marmari da abinci kaɗan wanda aka sarrafa don rage haɗarin cutar kansa ta hanji. Motsa jiki, motsa jiki, kuma guji shan taba da barasa. Iyakance jan nama shima yana taimakawa wajen rage kamuwa da cutar kansa.

Gwajin gwaji: Akwai yan kadan zaɓuɓɓuka don binciken kansar hanji . Gwajin gwaji da gwajin gwaji sune suka fi yawa. Lokacin da aka gwada ku, likitan zai tattara samfurin don neman ƙananan jini a cikin ku. Idan akwai wani jini kwata-kwata, ya kamata likitanku ya ba da umarnin a yi amfani da colonoscopy. Kwafin maganin sautin yana ba da tsoro ga wasu mutane, amma a zahiri babu ciwo. A yayin wannan gwajin, likitanka ya saka wani abu mai tsayi, mai sassauci a cikin duburarka kuma duk hanyar cikin babban hanjinku. Wannan zai watsa hoto na cikin uwar hanji ta yadda likita zai iya bincika shi don rashin dacewa.

Sauran cututtukan daji

Yawancin maza za su buƙaci bincikar yau da kullun ne kawai don cututtukan prostate, na gwaji, da na ciwon hanji. Koyaya, yakamata kuyi ziyarar kyau kowace shekara tare da likitanku na farko kuma kuyi tambaya idan kuna da wasu haɗarin haɗari na musamman waɗanda zasu iya buƙatar nunawa ga wasu cututtukan kansa, kamar fata, huhu, ko cutar sankara.

Hanyoyin haɗari ga wasu cututtukan daji sun haɗa da:

• Shan taba
• Yin amfani da barasa
• Tarihin iyali
• Rashin cin abinci mara kyau
• Halittar jini
• Wasu magunguna
• Kiba
• Wasu cututtuka

Wannan ba cikakken lissafi bane. Tattauna bukatun lafiyarku tare da likitanku na farko.

Dangantaka: Abubuwa 9 da zaku iya yi domin rigakafin cutar kansa

Nawa ne kudin gwajin cutar kansa?

Medicare, Medicaid, kuma mafi yawan tsare-tsaren inshora suna rufe binciken kansar wanda aka bada shawara bisa ga shekarunku da sauran abubuwan haɗarin. Amma koda kuwa ba ku da inshorar inshora, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka don karɓar gwajin kansar kyauta.

Ana samun gwajin PSA / dijital na dubura lokaci-lokaci a mafi yawan al'ummomi, in ji Dokta Sperling, yana magana ne game da gwajin cutar kansa kyauta a ma'aikatun lafiya na jihohi da na gida. Yawancin sassan kiwon lafiya suna ba da kyauta na kyauta da kuma gwajin cutar kansa. Bincika sashenku na kiwon lafiya don gano ko suna bayar da gwajin.

Hakanan zaka iya samun rukunin yanar gizo na gwajin cutar kanjamau kyauta daga mara riba Sifili: Endarshen Ciwon daji na Prostate , da kuma gwajin cutar kansa ta hanji kyauta a Dakatar da Ciwon Cancer Yanzu .