Maganin rigakafi 8 da ke haifar da C.Diff

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Gabatarwar maganin rigakafi don warkar da cututtuka babu shakka ya canza magungunan a cikin karnin da ya gabata. Amma wasu daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi masu ban mamaki, kamar yadda ake kiran su a da, kuma na iya barin jiki cikin saukin kamuwa da cuta mai yaduwa da ake kira C.Difficile.

Menene C.Diff?

Clostridioides mai wahala , da aka sani da Clostridium mai wahala , ko C.Diff, shi ne kwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa wanda zai iya haifar da gudawa mai tsanani. Sauran cututtukan C.Diff na yau da kullun sun haɗa da zazzaɓi, tashin zuciya, rashin ci, da ciwon ciki.

An kiyasta yana haifar kusan 500,000 rashin lafiya a Amurka da 15,000 sun mutu kowace shekara, bisa ga Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka . A halin yanzu CDC ta rarraba shi azaman Barazanar Gaggawa - Matakan mafi girman barazanar - ga lafiyar dan adam daga wata kwayar cuta mai yaduwa a Amurka (CDC na shirin sakin wani rahoton da aka sabunta game da wannan bayanan a cikin faduwar 2019.)

Wanne maganin rigakafi ne ke haifar da C.Diff?

Don haka ta yaya daidai amfani da kwayoyin ke sa mutum ya zama mai saukin kamuwa da cuta mai barazanar rai kamar C.Diff? Lokacin da ka sha maganin rigakafi, yana aiki ne don kashe kwayar cuta ta cuta a cikin jikinka. A yayin aiwatarwa, waɗannan magungunan na iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙoshin lafiya waɗanda ke kiyaye masu mamayewa kamar C.Diff cikin bincike. Yana da mahimmanci a lura, ba duk maganin rigakafi bane ke haifar da C.Diff, kuma ba kowa ke da haɗari iri ɗaya ba. Kodayake kusan kowane maganin rigakafi na iya haifar da shi, mafi munin mai laifi, a wannan yanayin, galibi maganin rigakafi ne mai fa'ida. Waɗanda suka fi haɗarin su ne marasa lafiya 65 ko mazan da suka kasance cikin yanayin kiwon lafiya, kamar asibiti ko gidan kula da tsofaffi.

Magungunan rigakafi masu yaduwa suna da aiki a kan [babban] kwayoyin cuta da ke zaune a cikin hanji, ya bayyana Dr. Hana Axelrod , mataimakin farfesa a fannin likitanci a bangaren Rigakafin cututtuka a George Washington School of Medicine da Kimiyyar Lafiya . Yana da matukar mahimmanci a sami lafiyayyiya da bambancin yawan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta. Lokacin da aka baiwa mutane magungunan rigakafi masu fadi, kwayoyin cuta na hanji sun lalace, don haka ya bada damar wasu nau'ikan cututtukan cuta, kamar su C.Diff, don haifar da kirkirar yawan kwayoyin cuta wadanda ke haifar da gubobi wadanda suke lalata hanji da haifar da cuta mai tsanani.

Erika Prouty, Pharm.D., Tsohon farfesan adjunct a Makarantar Koyon Magunguna ta Jami'ar New New England a cikin Springfield, Massachusetts, ya kara rusa shi: Magungunan rigakafin yaduwa na iya zama barazana ga marasa lafiya saboda ba wai kawai suna fuskantar munanan kwayoyin da muke kokarin kawarwa ba, amma kuma suna kashe yawancin kwayoyin cuta masu kyau da ke cikin tsarin narkar da mu. .

Dukansu Dokta Akselrod da Dokta Prouty sun nuna clindamycin da fluoroquinolones a matsayin wasu daga cikin masu laifi. Jerin maganin rigakafi cewa na iya haifar da C.Diff hada da:

• cephalosporins
• clindamycin ( Cleocin )
• ciprofloxacin ( Cyprus )
• levofloxacin ( Levaquin )
• moxifloxacin ( Avalox , Vigamox )
• amoxicillin (Amoxil)

Abin takaici ne, in ji Dokta Akselrod, saboda wadannan maganin rigakafin suna amfani da komai daga cutar huhu zuwa cututtukan fitsari. Sauran batun shine wajibcin wasu magungunan rigakafi na IV waɗanda likitoci ke amfani da su akai-akai a cikin ɗakunan gaggawa na asibiti, wanda kuma ya faɗi a ƙarƙashin laima mai faɗi. Wadannan kwayoyi sun hada da:

• piperacillin / tazobactam (Zosyn)
• meropenem (Na dauka)

Kwayoyin rigakafi na IV sune na yau da kullun a cikin tsarin ER saboda ana amfani dasu azaman layin farko lokacin da marasa lafiya suka kamu da rashin lafiya kuma basu da tabbacin abin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar, in ji Dokta Akselrod. Amma a matsayinta na kwararriyar likita da ta nitse a wannan fannin, tana sane da cewa dole ne likitocin lafiya suyi tafiya dangane da duka maganin rashin lafiyar a hannu, yayin da ba gabatar da ƙarin kamuwa da cuta ba. Yawancin lokaci mun fahimci halayen haɗari dangane da fa'idodi na wannan nau'in ingantaccen magani, in ji ta. Zai iya zama kira mai tauri ko ya fara rigakafin IV. Abin da ke taimaka mana yin shawarar da ta dace ita ce hanya mai kyau da kokarin samun takamaiman dalilin ba da maganin rigakafi.

Waɗanne magungunan rigakafi ne waɗanda ba za su iya haifar da C.Diff ba?

Idan kana cikin babban haɗari ga C.Diff, yana da daraja magana da likitanka game da zaɓin maganin ƙananan haɗari. Kwayoyin rigakafin da suke mai yuwuwar haifar da C.Diff hada da:

• azithromycin ( Zithromax , Z-Pak )
• clarithromycin (Biaxin)
• doxycycline ( Oracea , Vibramycin )
• erythromycin ( Maɗaukaki )
• fidaxomicin ( Wahala )
• minocycline (Minocin, Solod )
• metronidazole (Flagyl)

Abin da maganin rigakafi ke magance C.Diff?

Kodayake meds-spectrum meds sune a saman jerin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar C.Diff, akwai wasu 'yan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin rigakafin C.Diff waɗanda ke iya warkar da wannan cuta ta musamman. Vancomycin shine maganin rigakafi da aka fi amfani dashi sosai ga C.Diff, in ji Dokta Prouty, yana ambaton mahimmancin magana, sabanin na IV, jiyya: Kwayar ta IV ba zahiri ratsa tsarin gastro-intestinal ba, don haka ba ta da amfani sosai. Kuma tunda duk wasu cututtukan suna faruwa ne ta wasu kwayoyin cuta (wata kwayar cuta da ke haifar da cuta), ba duk kwayoyin rigakafi ne za su afka wa wadannan kwayoyin cutar ba kuma su kashe su, in ji ta. Sabili da haka, dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman magunguna a cikin magani na C.

An ba da shawarar cewa farashin C.diff sun faɗi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan a kalla partially saboda shirye-shiryen kula da kwayoyin cuta a asibitoci, wadanda ke neman rage amfani da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta. Amma idan ya zo ga marasa lafiya suna yin aiki a kan rigakafin C.Diff, Dokta Akselrod ya ce abu na farko da za su iya yi shi ne tattaunawa tare da likitocinsu game da ko da gaske suna buƙatar wannan kwayoyin, ko kuma rage lokacin da suka ɓata akan shi.