Abubuwa 4 da ke iya haifar da tasiri (da yadda ake yaƙar su)

Bayanin Magunguna

Yana iya zama kamar babban cholesterol ba wani babban abu bane-bayan haka, fiye da Amurkawa miliyan 102 da shekarunsu suka wuce 20 suna da matakin ƙwanƙolin ƙwanƙolin da ya wuce yanayin yau da kullun (200 mg / dL), a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Ko da mawuyacin hali, kusan miliyan 35 na waɗannan manya suna da matakan 240 mg / dL ko mafi girma, wanda ke sanya su cikin yankin haɗari don haɓaka cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Kawai saboda yana gama-gari, ba yana nufin za ku iya watsi da shi idan naku ya yi sama da matakan lafiya. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a fahimta da kuma sarrafa cholesterol ɗinka-ta hanyar amfani da magani kamar statins.

Menene cholesterol?

Cholesterol wani abu ne mai waxwo wanda ya fito daga hanta (jiki yakan sanya shi) kuma daga abincinku (ana samunsa a tushen abincin dabbobi, kamar nama, ƙwai, da kiwo mai cikakken kiɗa). Cholesterol yana zagayawa ta hanyoyin jini kuma ya zama dole don ayyukan jiki da yawa, gami da samar da homoni, bitamin D, da membranes na tantanin halitta. Duk da haka, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jini - wato low-density lipoprotein ko LDL cholesterol — na iya makalewa a bangon jijiyoyin kuma ya rikide ya zama abin tunawa.

Alamar a jijiyoyinmu na iya toshe magudanar jini da inganta samuwar jini, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar zuciya (alal misali, ciwon zuciya) da kuma lalacewar kwakwalwa (bugun jini), in ji Joshua Yamamoto, MD, likitan zuciya, wanda ya kirkiro likitan Foxhall a Washington , DC, kuma marubucin Kuna iya hana bugun jini . A hakikanin gaskiya, ciwan dutse ba cuta ba ce [da ake kira hypercholesterolemia] - ita ce ilmin halitta, tasirin lokaci da shekaru a kan yawo.

Menene statins?

Statins, wani rukuni na ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke rage ƙwayar cholesterol, sun zama mizanin zinare don magance hypercholesterolemia, yayi bayani Dr. Jennifer Haythe, MD , likitan zuciya a NewYork-Presbyterian / Columbia University Irving Medical Center. A zahiri, sama da manya Amurkawa miliyan 11.6 a halin yanzu suna shan ƙwayoyin statin don cututtukan zuciya na zuciya (ASCVD), a cewar ƙididdiga daga sabuwar Binciken Nazarin Kiwon Lafiya da Abinci na Kasa .

Mashahuri statins sun hada da:

• Crestor (rosuvastatin)
• Lipitor (atorvastatin)
• Zocor (simvastatin)
• Pravachol (pravastatin)
• Altoprev ko Mevacor (lovastatin)
• Lescol (fluvastatin)
• Livalo (pitavastatin)

Yaya statins ke aiki?

Statins suna aiki ta hanyar ba kawai toshe enzyme wanda ke samar da cholesterol ba, amma kuma ta hanyar taimakawa jiki ya sake dawo da ƙwayar cholesterol, Dr. Haythe ya bayyana. Dokta Yamamoto ya kara da cewa ya kamata a yi tunanin statins a matsayin magunguna masu kariya na jijiyoyin jini tunda wadannan meds din suna da ikon kare jijiyoyi, da hana ci gaban abu, kuma - mafi mahimmanci - hana bugun zuciya, shanyewar jiki, lalacewar kwakwalwa, da kuma saurin mutuwa.

Sakamakon sakamako na statins

Kuma yayin da suke gama-gari kuma sun sami karbuwa daga Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA), halayen na iya faruwa lokaci-lokaci daga amfani da statins. (Nazarin Disamba 2018 da aka fitar ta Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka ya bayyana cewa illolin da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta ba su da yawa-kuma amfanin hakan ya fi karfin kasada.)

1. Ciwo da ciwo

Dukansu likitocin da muka yi magana da su sun yarda cewa ciwo da ciwo na tsoka (wanda ake kira myalgia) sune ƙararraki na farko daga marasa lafiya, tare da ko'ina tsakanin 4% da 10% na mutanen da abin ya shafa. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa 1 a cikin 20 na mu na da saukin sauƙi na ciwon tsoka, Dr. Yamamoto ya kara da cewa.

Wasu sauye-sauye na rayuwa zasu iya taimakawa ƙananan haɗarin cutar rashin jijiyoyin jiki da lalacewar tsoka, gami da rage motsa jiki mai ƙarfi (tunda ƙarfin motsa jiki na iya sanya damuwa akan tsokoki da suka rigaya sun kumbura) da shan coenzyme Q10 abin da ake ci na abinci.

Dokta Yamamoto ya ce saboda CoQ10 an yi shi a cikin tsokoki, maganin ƙwayar cuta na iya ƙare shi daga tsarin, wanda zai haifar da ciwon tsoka. Masu cin ganyayyaki suna da saukin kamuwa da ciwon da zafin da ke tattare da amfani da sinadarai tun da ana samun CoQ10 a cikin jan nama, in ji shi. Amma ka tuna cewa kasancewa mara cin nama a wata hanya ba zai sanya mu kariya daga tasirin lokaci ba, kuma babban dalilin mutuwa ga masu cin ganyayyaki har yanzu cutar zuciya ce.

2. Hawan jini mai yawa

Hakanan Statins na iya ƙara yawan sukarin jini a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan rayuwa, pre-ciwon sukari ko matakan sukarin jini na kan iyaka, Dr. Haythe ya bayyana. Nazarin 2017 da aka buga a mujallar Binciken Bincike & Kulawa na BMJ Buɗe Ya lura cewa an haɗu da ƙwayoyin cuta tare da ƙimar yawan ciwon sukari a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 na musamman.

3. Ingantaccen hanta enzymes

Wasu marasa lafiya lokaci-lokaci suna fuskantar kumburin hanta daga shan magunguna, a cewar Asibitin Mayo . Duk da haka lambobin ba su da yawa - labarin da aka buga a cikin fitowar mujallar ta 2013 Tsarin Gastroenterology & Hepatology ya ce gwajin gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa an haɗa statins da haɓaka a cikin kwayar alanine aminotransferase (ALT, enzyme da aka samu galibi a cikin hanta da koda) a cikin kusan kashi 3 na marasa lafiya.

Alamomin cutar hanta sun hada da yawan gajiya, rashin cin abinci, ciwo a jikin mutum na sama, fitsarin da ke da launi mai duhu, da / ko raunin fata ko idanu. Idan haɓakar enzyme na hanta kadan ne, marasa lafiya na iya ci gaba da shan maganin, amma idan aikin hanta ya zama mai tasiri sosai, mai yiwuwa a ba da magani na daban.

4. Tunawa da rikicewa

Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard ya nuna nazarin 2015 da aka buga a JAMA Maganin Cikin Gida wanda ya bincika yiwuwar haɗi tsakanin magungunan rage ƙwayoyin cholesterol da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Bayan nazarin bayanan likitanci na kimanin marasa lafiya miliyan 11, masu binciken sun gano cewa manya da suka ɗauki statins (kazalika da kowane irin ƙwayar cholesterol) sun kusan kusan sau huɗu da yiwuwar bayar da rahoton rashin lafiyar hankali idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su yi aji ɗaya ba na meds. Koyaya, Harvard ya ƙara da cewa wata ƙungiya ba zata yuwu ba saboda bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci game da yadda kwayoyi da ƙwayoyin cholesterol marasa aiki suke aiki.

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin fitowar 2016 ta mujallar Ciwon suga , marubutan nazarin daga Isra'ila sun binciki sakamakon daga irin wannan abin dubawa da kuma yiwuwar bazuwar gwaji. Abubuwan da suka gano: Abubuwan da aka ruwaito na asarar ƙwaƙwalwa ba su da yawa, kuma masu binciken sun ƙarasa da cewa har yanzu ba a kafa alaƙar sababi ba.

Sauran cututtukan da aka ruwaito daga statins sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon kai
• Baccin wahala
• Ciwan
• Dizziness
• Kumburin ciki
• Gudawa
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Rash

Abubuwan haɗari ga rashin haƙuri na statin, a cewar asibitin Mayo , hada da:

• Shin mata ne
• Sun wuce shekaru 80
• Samun karamin jikin jiki
• Samun gazawar koda ko cutar hanta
• Shin hypothyroidism ko cuta na neuromuscular
• Certainauki wasu magunguna don magance cholesterol ko cututtuka
• Yi amfani da giya mai yawa
• Cinye 'ya'yan inabi masu yawa, gami da ruwan' ya'yan inabi

Dokta Haythe ya ce za a iya gudanar da wasu cututtukan da ke haifar da sinadarin tare da taimakon likita, wanda zai iya ba da shawarar sauyawa zuwa wani yanayin daban ko kuma rage maganin. Yi magana da likitanka idan kana fuskantar duk wata illa.