Shin kuna buƙatar kara kuzari?

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Hakanan, ko dai kun sami rigakafin cutar kyanda ko kuma kuna da cutar kyanda a lokacin yarinya. Amma barkewar cutar kyanda a fadin Amurka - sama da cutar kyanda 1,200 a cikin jihohi 31 a cikin 2019, a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) - ya bar wa wasu mutane damuwa game da matsayin rigakafin cutar ƙyanda. Abin farin ciki, ana iya samun ƙarin tallafi ga waɗanda suke buƙatarsu, kuma wasu manya suna buƙatar wani ƙwayar. Shin kai dan takarar allurar rigakafin kyanda-sankarar cutar sankarau (MMR rigakafin)?

Menene MMR?

Alurar rigakafin cutar kyanda tana aiki ta hanyar haifar da martani daga tsarin rigakafi don ƙirƙirar kwayoyi game da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta guda uku: kyanda, kumburi, da rubella.

Kwayar cututtukan kwayar cutar kyanda sun hada da zazzabi sannu-sannu, kumburin jajayen launuka ja, da tashe-tashen launin shuɗi a baki. Alamar da ta fi bayyana game da kwayar cuta ta kumburi ita ce kumburi a cikin jijiyoyin gwal ko na parotid. Kwayar cututtukan rubella sun hada da saurin fuska, kumburi da gabobi, da zazzabi mara nauyi.

Matsalolin wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da haɗari kuma suna daga cutar huhu, rashin ji, girgizawa, haihuwa da wuri ko lahani na haihuwa zuwa wani lokacin mutuwa. Abin farin ciki, dukkansu cututtuka ne masu rigakafin rigakafi. Idan baku da tabbas ko kuna buƙatar ƙarfafa MMR, yi amfani da jagorarmu da ke ƙasa don bincika.

Wanene yake buƙatar ƙarfafa kyanda?

Idan an haife ka kafin 1957 , mai yiwuwa ba kwa buƙatar gaggawa zuwa ofishin mai ba da lafiyar ku don harbi, in ji John M. Townes, MD , darektan likita don rigakafin kamuwa da cuta a Jami'ar Lafiya da Kimiyya ta Oregon a Portland, Oregon.

Haihuwa kafin shekarar 1957 ana daukarta a matsayin shaidar rigakafi, in ji Dr. Townes. Cutar kyanda tana da saurin yaduwa cewa (a lokacin) kusan kowa ya same ta.

Ga kowane ƙarami, shaidar rigakafi (wanda shine ainihin takaddun cewa kuna da kwayar cutar ko karɓar rigakafin MMR) bazai zama mai sauƙi ba.

Idan kun sami rigakafin cutar kyanda tsakanin 1963 da 1967 , an sami alluran rigakafi guda biyu: rigakafin da aka raine da kuma allurar da bata aiki. Alurar da ba ta aiki ba ta yi tasiri ba, in ji ta John Lynch, MD , na Harborview Medical Center's Department of Rigakafin Kamuwa da Cututtuka a Seattle. Abin takaici, yawancin mutane basu san wanne suka karba ba. Idan kun fada cikin wannan rukunin (ko kuna tunanin za ku iya amma ba ku da tabbas), yana ba da shawarar yin magana da likitanku game da ko wani rigakafin yana da hankali. Wani zaɓi kuma, in ji shi, shi ne a bincika ƙwayoyin jikinku. Wannan gwajin jini ne mai sauki (aka titer) wanda zai gaya muku ko baku da kyanda. Idan amsar a'a ce, kuna buƙatar sake yin rigakafin, Dr. Lynch yayi bayani.

Bayan-1967 , allurar rigakafin da ba ta aiki ta daina wanzuwa-ma’ana duk yara sun karɓi mafi inganci, allurar rai. Koyaya, har zuwa 1989, ana buƙatar kashi ɗaya kawai na MMR, in ji Dokta Townes. A wancan lokacin, CDC ta fara bayar da shawarar allurai biyu na rigakafin MMR (kashi na farko da aka bayar a watanni 12 da haihuwa sannan wani karin kashi tsakanin shekarun 4 da 6) saboda ya kara tasiri daga 93% zuwa 97%. Saboda haka, akwai damar da wasu mutane suka yiwa rigakafin kafin 1989 basu da cikakken kariya. Amma wannan ba tabbataccen abu bane-yawancin pre-1989ers suna da kyau daidai saboda ko dai farkon harbi ya aikata abin zamba ko saboda sun sami kashi na biyu na rigakafin MMR a wani lokaci (kamin su tafi kwaleji, misali).

Har yanzu ba ku san abin da za ku yi ba? Hanya mafi kyawu ita ce samun damar yin rigakafin rigakafin ku, in ji Bryan Goodin, manajan kula da lafiya na ma'aikata Legacy Lafiya a Portland, Oregon. Ya danganta da lokacin da aka yi rigakafin ku, likitanku na iya samun su. Kuma yawancin jihohi suna kula da rajistar rigakafin suma.

Sauran abubuwan haɗari

A ƙarshe, masana sun jaddada cewa yayin da shekaru da shekara na allurar rigakafi ke faɗi, ba su ne kawai abubuwan da za a yi la’akari da su ba yayin yanke shawarar ko ana buƙatar ƙara ƙarfi.

Groupsungiyoyin masu haɗarin gaske suna buƙatar samun (ko kuma nuna cewa sun sha) kashi na biyu, in ji Dokta Townes. A cewar CDC , wadannan ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, matafiya na duniya, da mata masu haihuwa wadanda suke da niyyar daukar ciki suna da hadarin kamuwa da kwayoyin cutar.

Idan ba za ku iya samun bayananku ba kuma ba don titers ba, wani zaɓi shine kawai ci gaba da harbi. Yana da cikakkiyar aminci kuma karɓaɓɓe don maimaita alurar, in ji Goodin.

Illolin sakamako na ƙarfin MMR ƙanana ne kuma sun haɗa da fushin shafin allura, taurin gwiwa, zazzaɓi, da ƙananan kurji. Kodayake ba safai ba, mai yiwuwa rashin lafiyan zai yiwu saboda haka kar a sami rigakafin MMR idan kuna rashin lafiyan neomycin.

Waɗanne abubuwan haɓakawa manya ke buƙata?

Da CDC ya bada shawarar wadannan alurar riga kafi na manya da tsofaffi:

• Human papillomavirus ƙwayar cuta (HPV)
• Mura
• Namoniya
• Shingles
• Tetanus, diphtheria, da pertussis na ƙaruwa (kowace shekara 10)

Idan kana cikin rukuni mai haɗari zaka iya buƙatar rigakafin cutar hanta ko sankarau shima. Gano irin alurar rigakafin da zaka iya adana ta amfani da SingleCare nan .