Magunguna 8 wadanda suke haifar da maƙarƙashiya

Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya

Alamomin maƙarƙashiya da dalilansu | Magungunan da ke haifar da maƙarƙashiya | Yadda za a hana maƙarƙashiya | Maganin maƙarƙashiya

Maƙarƙashiya matsala ce ta narkewa ta kowa. A kusa 16% na mutane a Amurka kuma kashi ɗaya bisa uku na waɗanda suka wuce shekaru 60 suna ƙorafin maƙarƙashiya mai ɗorewa. Tsakanin 2006 da 2011, maƙarƙashiyar ta kasance fiye da 700,000 tafiye-tafiye zuwa dakin gaggawa.

Kwayar cututtukan maƙarƙashiya sun haɗa da:

• Kasa da motsin hanji uku a mako
• Smallananan, wuya, busassun sanduna waɗanda suke da wuyar wucewa ko mai raɗaɗi
• Bukatar yin rauni fiye da kima don samun motsawar hanji

Wasu mutane suna jin zafi a cikin cikinsu lokacin da suke cikin maƙarƙashiya, musamman bayan cin abinci. Wasu na iya yin jiri, amai, ciwon kai, ko kuma jin ba su da lafiya.

Akwai su da yawa musabbabin maƙarƙashiya , ciki har da:

• Abincin mai ƙananan fiber (musamman abincin da ke cike da nama, madara, ko cuku)
• Rashin ruwa
• Zama a hankali
• Rashin kulawa ko jinkirta buƙatar najasa
• Balaguro da canjin jadawalin
• Yin amfani da laaxative
• Jin zafi ko rashin jin daɗi kewaye da dubura
• Cutar kansa
• Ciki
• Yanayin kiwon lafiya kamar su ciwon mara na hanji, diverticulosis, hypothyroidism, hawan jinin alli, yawan cutar sikila, cututtukan Parkinson, da cutar laka

Maƙarƙashiya ma na iya zama sakamako mai illa na magani da kuke sha. Maƙarƙashiyar da ke haifar da magani ta zama ruwan dare gama gari a wannan zamanin, a cewar Bryan Curtin, MD , darektan neurogastroenterology da motility, a Mercy Medical Center. Mutane suna shan ƙarin magunguna fiye da kowane lokaci, kuma saboda yawancin magunguna suna da cikakkun bayanai, masu ba da umarni ga likitoci suna yin watsi da maƙarƙashiya a matsayin muhimmiyar sakamako idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka fi tsanani. Baƙon abu ba ne ga mutane su kasance a kan magunguna kamar huɗu ko biyar waɗanda na iya ƙara yawan maƙarƙashiya, kuma wannan ba ma ya haɗa da opioids, wanda zai iya zama mummunan lalacewa ga hanyar GI.

Maƙarƙashiya na iya zama mara kyau, amma kuma yana iya haifar da rikitarwa kamar:

• Basur
• Zuban jini na bayan gida
• Fitsara cikin dubura
• Rushewar mahaifa
• Tasirin tasiri

Lokacin da matakan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, kamar su canje-canje ga abincin, karin ruwa, da masu sa maye a kan-kan-kan sun gaza, ya kamata likitocin farko ko likitan ciki, su duba marasa lafiya, in ji Dr. Wannan gaskiya ne, musamman idan maƙarƙashiyar ta kasance tare da wasu mahimman alamu, irin su tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki, ko raunin nauyi.

Magunguna 8 wadanda suke haifar da maƙarƙashiya

1. Opioid jin zafi
2. Magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa ƙwayar cuta (NSAIDs)
3. Antihistamines
4. Magungunan antioxidric na Tricyclic
5. Magungunan fitsarin kwance
6. Ironarin ƙarfe
7. Magungunan hawan jini
8. Magungunan anti-tashin zuciya

1. Masu rage radadin opioid

Hakanan ana kiransa narcotics, opioids suna magance ciwo mai tsanani kuma hakan bai inganta tare da wasu, magunguna masu sauƙi ba. Suna da tasiri a sauƙaƙe ciwo, amma na iya zama al'ada kuma suna da babban zagi. Koyaya, yakamata kuyi amfani da opioids a ƙarƙashin kulawa kai tsaye na ƙwararren masanin kiwon lafiya. Magunguna masu sauƙin ciwo na opioid sun haɗa da:

• Tylenol tare da codeine (acetaminophen-codeine)
• Duragesic (fentanyl transdermal)
• Lorcet, Vicodin, Norco (hydrocodone)
• Dilaudid (wayar hannu)
• Demerol (meperidine)
• Morphine
• Oxycontin (oxycodone)
• Percocet (oxycodone-acetaminophen)
• Ultram (tramadol)

Yawancin marasa lafiya a kan opioids don ƙwarewar ciwo na kullum maƙarƙashiyar da ke haifar da opioid (OIC.) Ana ɗauke shi mafi mashahuri matsalar narkewar abinci kuma ɗayan sanannen sakamako ne na opioids. Zai iya zama nakasa kuma dalili ne na gama gari wanda yasa mutane suka daina shan magunguna, a cewar wani rahoton da aka buga a 2019 . Yi la'akari da tambayar likitanka idan zaka iya fara laxative a lokaci guda azaman opioid.

2. NSAIDs

NSAIDs sune mafi yawan magungunan da aka ba da magani don magance yanayi irin su amosanin gabbai, a cewar Cibiyar Nazarin Orthowararrun Orthopedic ta Amurka . Ana amfani da su don rage zazzaɓi, kumburi, da ciwo mai sauƙi zuwa matsakaici. Wannan rukunin magungunan sun hada da:

• Asfirin
• Motrin, Advil (ibuprofen)
• Aleve, Naprosyn (naproxen)
• Celebrex (celecoxib)

3. Antihistamines

Antihistamines rage alamun rashin lafiyar. A lokacin da kake rashin lafiyan wani abu, jikinka yana fitar da tarihi wanda yake haifar da cunkoso, yawan toshewar hanci, atishawa, kaikayi, kumburin hanyoyin hanci, amos, fatar jiki, ko kuma kaikayi da idanuwanka. Overungiyar antihistamines ta gama gari (OTC) sun haɗa da:

• Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine)
• Unisom (diphenhydramine ko doxylamine)
• Vicks QlearQuil Dare na Rashin Lafiya na dare (diphenhydramine)
• Claritin (loratadine)
• Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
• Allegra (fexofenadine)
• Zyrtec (cetirizine)
• Xyzal (labaran yanar gizo)

4. Tricyclic maganin kashe ciki

Magungunan maganin tricyclic nau'ikan magani ne wanda ake amfani dashi don magance bakin ciki. Suna aiki ta hanyar haɓaka matakan norepinephrine da serotonin da kuma toshe aikin acetylcholine. Ta hanyar daidaita waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta uku, tricyclic antidepressants yana rage damuwa. Akwai sababbin magunguna don damuwa tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa; Koyaya, waɗannan magungunan antispress na tricyclic suna aiki mafi kyau ga wasu mutane. Wasu samfuran yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Tofranil (imipramine)
• Vivactil (zane-zane)
• Elavil (amitriptyline)
• Pamelor (nortriptyline)

5. Magungunan fitsarin kwance

Magungunan rashin ruwa na fitsari suna magance mafitsara mai yawa da sauran yanayin da ka iya haifar da fitsarin mafitsara ko yawan yin fitsari. Wannan yanayin ya fi faruwa ga mata fiye da na maza; duk da haka, yana iya faruwa a cikin maza kuma. Yana daya daga cikin yanayin yau da kullun waɗanda aka gani a aikin kulawa na farko, a cewar Cibiyar Nazarin Likitocin Iyali ta Amurka .

Wadannan magungunan suna aiki ne ta hanyar ko dai rage bazuwar mafitsara ko kuma sanyaya jijiyar bangon mafitsara, yana ba shi damar riƙe ƙarin fitsari da kuma wofintar da shi gaba ɗaya. Wasu daga cikin magungunan da basu dace ba na fitsari sun hada da:

• Ditropan, Ditropan XL (oxybutynin)
• Detrol, Detrol LA (tolterodine)
• Enablex (darifenacin)
• Myrbetriq (mirabegron)
• Flomax (tamsulosin)

6. Maganin karafa

Arin ƙarfe yana magance rashin jini da ƙarancin ƙarfe. Ana samunsu a kan kanti. Siffofin ƙarfe da ake amfani da su akai-akai a cikin kari sun haɗa da:

• FeroSul (ferrous sulfate)
• Matsakaici (manne mai nauyi)
• Citrate mai tsayi
• Ferric sulfate

7. Maganin hawan jini

Magungunan hawan jini iri biyu ne da ke haifar da maƙarƙashiya: masu toshe tashar calcium da masu toshe beta. Masu toshe tashar Calcium suna aiki ta hanyar faɗaɗa jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke rage ƙoƙarin da zuciyarku dole tayi don harba jini. Masu toshe Beta suna aiki ta hanyar rage saurin bugun zuciyarka, da rage hawan jininka.

Masu toshe tashar Calcium sun haɗa da:

• Norvasc (amlodipine)
• Plendil (felodipine)
• Cardene (nicardipine)
• Adalat CC, Procardia XL (nifedipine)
• Cardizem, Tiazac, Dilt-XR (diltiazem)

Masu hana beta na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Mai buga hoto, Toprol XL (metoprolol)
• Tenormin (atenolol)
• Corgard (nadolol)
• Na cikin gida (propranolol)

8. Magungunan hana tashin zuciya

Hakanan ana kiransa anti-emetics, magungunan hana tashin zuciya suna toshe hanyoyi daban-daban a cikin jikinku waɗanda ke haifar da tashin zuciya da amai. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Serotonin (5-HT3) masu adawa
• Masu adawa da NK-1
• Masu tayar da hankali na Dopamine
• Cannabinoids

Magungunan gama gari waɗanda ake amfani dasu don magance tashin zuciya sun haɗa da:

• Zofran (ondansetron)
• Reglan (metoclopramide)
• Emend (wanda ba a sani ba, mai ba da taimako)
• Tigan (trimethobenzamide)
• Marinol (dronabinol)
• Syndros (dronabinol)

Nemi katin rangwame na SingleCare

Yadda zaka kiyaye maƙarƙashiyar da ke haifar da magani

Ba kowa ba ne zai iya zama mai saurin ciki lokacin amfani da waɗannan magunguna. Koyaya, yakamata ku lura da yuwuwar illa da abin da zaku iya yi don hana maƙarƙashiya.

Gabaɗaya, kuna son tabbatar kuna da ruwa sosai, ba kofi ko abubuwan sha mai ƙanshi ba, in ji Dokta Curtin. Hakanan kuna son samun lafiyayyen lafiyayyen abinci a cikin abincinku kuma kuyi ƙoƙari ku iyakance abincin da aka sarrafa. Yana da kyau a tambayi likitanka idan akwai wasu wakilai. Masu toshe tashar Calcium, wadanda ake amfani dasu don hawan jini, kamar su diltiazem, misali, sananne ne wajen haifar da maƙarƙashiya. Idan akwai wani nau'in magani wanda zai iya magance matsalar lafiyar, ya kamata a kalla a ba ku zaɓi.

Abin farin ciki, akwai wasu hanyoyi masu sauƙin magani marasa magani don hana ƙwayar ciki.

Ku ci abinci mai yawan fiber

Haɗa abinci mai-fiber a cikin abincinku, kamar:

• Kayan lambu : Lentils, wake koda, farfesun wake, kaji, baƙar wake, waken lima
• Kayan lambu : Karas, beets, broccoli, artichokes, Brussels sprouts, Kale, alayyaho, tumatir, dankalin hausa
• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari : Apples, prunes, pears, strawberries, avocado, raspberries, ayaba
• Hatsi : Quinoa, hatsi, popcorn, kowane irin hatsi
• Kwayoyi da tsaba : Almonds, chia tsaba, kwakwa, pistachios, goro, sunflower seed, 'ya'yan kabewa
• D akwatin cakulan : Kayan koko na 70% zuwa 95% ko mafi girma

Idan abincinku yana da ƙarancin fiber, zaku iya magana da likitanku game da ƙarin ƙwayar fiber.

Sha ruwa mai yawa

Ruwa na taka rawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar jikinku. Yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke gudana ta cikin hanji. Kodayake yawancin mutane sun ji cewa ya kamata ku sha gilashin ruwa shida zuwa takwas a rana, ƙila ba za ku buƙaci cin wannan da yawa ba. Kofuna hudu zuwa shida na ruwa a kowace rana galibi sun isa ga mutane masu lafiya, a cewar Lafiya ta Harvard .

Wasu magunguna suna sa ka riƙe ruwa, kuma wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya suna buƙatar ka iyakance yawan shan ruwanka. Idan kuna shan magunguna waɗanda ke haifar da maƙarƙashiya, ya kamata ku yi magana da likitanku game da yawan ruwan da ya kamata ku sha.

Motsa jiki a kai a kai

Motsa jiki na iya rage lokacin ɗaukar abinci don motsawa ta cikin babban hanji. Misali, motsa jiki na motsa jiki yana hanzarta numfashi da kuma bugun zuciya, wanda ke motsa ƙanƙanwar jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin hanji, motsa sanduna daga hanjin da sauri.

Saurari jikinka

Jikinku a bayyane yana gaya muku lokacin da za a yi motsawar ciki. Wasu mutane suna ƙoƙari su riƙe shi har sai sun kasance a gida ko a bandaki su kaɗai. Yin watsi da buƙatar na iya haifar da maƙarƙashiya, a cewar Cibiyar Kasa kan Tsufa .

Kafa al'ada ta hanji

Maimaita horo hanya ce guda don kafa tsarin yau da kullun. Mafi kyawon lokacin yin hanji shine minti 20 zuwa 40 bayan cin abinci. Emoƙarin samun hanji kowace rana a lokaci guda. Stimara ƙarfin dijital na iya taimakawa. Yi amfani da wannan hanyar kowace rana har sai kun kafa al'ada.

Me zan iya daukar maƙarƙashiya?

Baya ga sauye-sauyen rayuwa, akwai magunguna masu sa maye da magungunan ƙwayoyi don taimaka maƙarƙashiya. Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane magani, yana da mahimmanci a nemi ƙwararrun likita game da likita ko likitan magunguna kafin amfani da kayan shafawa. Koyaushe karanta jagorar magunguna kafin amfani da ɗayan samfuran masu zuwa. Duk da yake akwai magunguna da ke haifar da maƙarƙashiya, wasu na iya haifar da wasu matsalolin narkewar abinci, kamar ɓacin ciki, amai, da gudawa. Tuntuɓi likitanka idan ka ci gaba da gudawa, saboda yana iya zama alamar rashin tasiri.

Lawararrun xan laxatives

Laxatives na fiber , wanda kuma ake kira formers mai yawa, ƙara ruwa a cikin kujerunku don su zama masu laushi. Lawararrun laxatives na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• FiberCon (alli polycarbophil)
• Citrucel (zaren methylcellulose)
• Metamucil, Konsyl (psyllium)
• Benefiber (alkama dextrin)

Sanyin laushi , wanda kuma ake kira laxatives mara walwala, ƙara danshi a kan kujerun ka domin sauƙaƙa wuce su. Sanyin laushi da ake amfani dashi koyaushe sun haɗa da:

• Maɗaukaki, Dulcolax Stool Softener (docusate sodium)

Xananan laxatives Yi aiki ta hanyar motsa jijiyoyi a cikin jikinka na narkewa, haifar da tsokoki a cikin babban hanjinka su yi kwangila, tura bakin ka a ciki. Magungunan laxatives na yau da kullun da ake amfani dasu sun haɗa da:

• Correctol, Ducodyl, Dulcolax (bisacodyl)
• Ex-Lax, Senokot (sennosides)

Osmotic laxatives ja ruwa daga nama kusa da shi a cikin abin narkewar abinci don saukaka wa marainiya ya wuce ta hanji. Kayan shafawa na osmotic da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da:

• Madarar Magnesia (magnesium hydroxide)
• Miralax (nau'in polyetylen glycol 3350)

Magungunan magani don maƙarƙashiya

Ga mutane da yawa, yin canje-canje na rayuwa da amfani da masu shayarwa masu sauƙin gaske zai taimaka sauƙar maƙarƙashiya. Halin kowa na hanji ya bambanta duk da haka. Misali, za a iya amfani da maras lafiya guda daya-ko fiye-yin hanji a rana yayin da za a iya amfani da wani maras lafiya yin hanji daya duk bayan 'yan kwanaki. Doctors yawanci ayyana maƙarƙashiya kamar motsawar ciki uku ko movementsasa a kowane mako. Game da maƙarƙashiya ko maƙarƙashiya na yau da kullun, masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya tsara ɗayan magunguna masu zuwa:

• Cephulac, Kristalose (lactulose)
• Linzess (linaclotide)
• Motoci (mai amfani)
• Matsayi (prucalopride)

Magungunan likita don ƙwayoyin cuta na opioid sun haɗa da:

• Movantik (naloxegol)
• Relistor (methylnaltrexone)
• Amitiza (lubiprostone)
• Symproic (naldemedine)