Abin da ya kamata ku sani game da ƙaura
Masanin Ilimin Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiya ya San Mafi KyawuDa alama mai yiwuwa ku ko wani da kuke zaune tare da ƙaura. A zahiri, 1 cikin 4 Gidajen Amurkawa sun hada da wani wanda ya yi ƙaura. Ita ce cuta ta uku mafi yawan cututtuka a duniya. Asusun Baƙin Migraine na Amurka ya kiyasta cewa farashin shekara-shekara na aikin da aka rasa da kuma kuɗin likita kai tsaye da suka danganci ƙaura ya kai dala miliyan 20.
Yuni shine watan Migraine da Ciwon Ilimin Ciwon Kai, wanda shine lokaci don masu ba da lafiya da marasa lafiya suyi magana don sanin ƙaura da magani. Anan ga abin da ya kamata ku sani game da bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin ƙaura da ciwon kai, lokacin da za ku nemi magani, da kuma yadda zaɓin maganinku yake.
A migraine vs. ciwon kai: Menene bambanci?
Nau'in ciwon kai
Na yau da kullum, ko ba ƙaura ba, ciwon kai na iya samun asali da yawa. Daya daga cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan shine wani tashin hankali ciwon kai . Ciwon kai na tashin hankali wani mara dadi ne, ci gaba, mara ciwo wanda yawanci ana alakanta shi da matsewa a fatar kan mutum. Irin wannan ciwon kai yawanci yakan haifar da damuwa ta hankali ko kuma wani lokacin yana da alaƙa da damuwa.
Ciwon kai na sinus yana haɗuwa da alaƙa da alamomin alamomin yawanci wanda ke haifar da ciwo a bayan idanu da ramin sinus saboda matsin lamba da ke haɓaka. Irin wannan ciwon kai na iya bayyana a safiya ko kuma lokacin da mai haƙuri ya durƙusa saboda matsin lamba.
Gunguron kai na iya zama mai zafi sosai kuma sun fi yawa ga maza. Ciwon yana cikin yankin ido, kuma yana iya zama mai kaifi sosai, na tsawan awoyi, kuma yana faruwa kowace rana. Wadannan ciwon kai na iya haifar da giya da shan sigari.
Akwai su da yawa wasu nau'in ciwon kai . Wasu na iya kasancewa masu alaƙa da canjin hormone ko hawan keke. Wasu na iya haɗuwa da maganin kafeyin ko janyewar nicotine. Yunwa ko azumi na iya haifar da ciwon kai. Ayyukan da ke haifar da ƙyallen ido, kamar wasan bidiyo ko amfani da kwamfuta, na iya haifar da ciwon kai ba na ƙaura ba.
Amma babu ɗayan waɗannan ciwon kai kamar ƙaura . Halin ƙaura na musamman ne. A zahiri, ciwon da ke cikin kan ku kawai alama ce ta ƙaura. A zahiri za ku iya samun ƙaura ba tare da jin zafi a cikin kanku da ke tattare da shi ba. Don haka, ta yaya zaku iya faɗi idan kuna da ƙaura?
Alamar cutar ƙaura
Kwayar cututtukan da ke tattare da harin ƙaura sune:
- Jin zafi, yawanci a gefe ɗaya
- Haske da / ko ƙwarewar sauti
- Jin jiri da / ko amai
- Za a yi
- Gani ya canza, hangen nesa, ko makaho
Yawancin waɗannan alamun suna bayanin kansu, sai dai aura. Aura da ke haɗuwa da ɓangarorin ƙaura shine canji na azanci wanda ke faruwa kafin farawar ƙaura. Zai iya haɗawa da ganin walƙiyar haske ko jin ƙaiƙayi a cikin ƙasanku. Yana iya wucewa har zuwa awa ɗaya. Ba kowace ƙaura take haɗuwa da aura ba. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka ɗanɗana aura wataƙila ba za su sami ɗaya tare da kowane ƙaura ba.
Ba lallai bane ku fuskanci duk alamun da ke sama a lokaci ɗaya don a bincikar ku da ƙaura. Duk ciwon kai da kowane mara lafiya daban yake.
Mitar da mai haƙuri ke fama da hare-haren ƙaura yana da matukar muhimmanci a fahimta. Raananan ƙawancen episodic migraines sune waɗanda ke faruwa ƙasa da sau 10 a wata. Yawancin ƙaura na episodic migraines sune waɗanda ke faruwa sau 10-14 kowace wata. An bayyana ƙauraran lokaci kamar faruwa sau 15 ko fiye a wata.
Idan baku da tabbas game da irin ciwon kan da kuke fama da shi, ko kuma idan ciwon kanku ya kasance mai tsauri da wahala a sauƙaƙa, mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai iya bincika ainihin ciwon kanku ko ƙaura, tare da yin shawarwarin maganin da suka dace.
Zaɓuɓɓukan maganin ƙaura
Akwai magunguna guda biyu da na kan-kan-kan-kantar da za ku iya ɗauka don magance ƙaura. Anan ga mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya ba da shawarar.
Magungunan ƙaura akan-kan-counter
Acetaminophen da nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), kamar aspirin, ibuprofen, ko naproxen, ana iya ɗauka a kan gajeren lokaci don ba da taimako na ƙaura. Wadannan hanyoyin kwantar da hankalin basu da tsada kuma suna iya taimakawa cikin allurai daya ko biyu. Maganin kafeyin, mai maganin vasoconstrictor, shima yana da tasiri wajan rage radadin ciwon mara. Excedrin Migraine, sanannen zaɓi na OTC, samfurin haɗuwa ne wanda ya ƙunshi acetaminophen, aspirin, da maganin kafeyin. Kwararren likitan ku na iya nuna muku hanyar da ta dace don magance ciwo idan ba ku da tabbas.
Tare da duk waɗannan magungunan, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa magani na kan-kantoci ba yana nufin amfani na dogon lokaci ba tare da jagora kai tsaye daga mai ba da lafiyar ku ba.
| Maganin ƙaura akan-kan-counter | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunan magunguna | Rarrabuwa | Hankula kashi | Mafi kyawun farashin SingleCare |
| Asfirin | NSAID | 325 MG zuwa 1000 MG kowane 4 zuwa 6 hours | $ 1.69 |
| Ibuprofen | NSAID | 200 MG zuwa 400 MG kowane 4 zuwa 6 hours | $ 6.06 |
| Naproxen | NSAID | 220 MG kowane awa 12 | $ 4.31 |
| Exigrin Migraine | NSAID | (Acetaminophen 250 MG / Aspirin 250 MG / Caffeine 65 MG) 1 zuwa 2 Allunan kowane 6 hours | $ 2.40 |
Magunguna na ƙaura
Abin takaici, zaɓuɓɓukan OTC ba su ba da isasshen taimako na ƙaura ga mutane da yawa. A waɗancan lokuta, magungunan likitanci na iya kawo canji. Takaddun umarni don ƙaura sun shiga cikin gida biyu: waɗanda ake amfani dasu don magani da waɗanda ake amfani dasu don rigakafi.
Maganin ciwon mara
Jagoran maganin likita Jerin NSAIDs (musamman, ibuprofen da naproxen) azaman magani na farko don larurar ƙaura mai saurin zuwa. NSAIDs suna taimakawa ciwo ta hanyar rage sakin prostaglandins mai kumburi. Zaɓuɓɓuka ne masu tsada mai saurin farashi don ƙaura zuwa matsakaitan ƙaura. NSAIDs gabaɗaya an rufe su da shirye-shiryen inshora na kasuwanci ko Medicare Sashe na D. Tabbatar da duba SingleCare don tsadar kuɗi ma. Misali, maganin gargajiya na ibuprofen 800 MG na iya cin kusan $ 37 ba tare da inshora ba, amma tare da SingleCare coupon , wannan takardar maganin bai kai $ 6 ba. Ba za a ɗauki NSAIDs a cikin komai a ciki ba, kuma koda a matsayin takardar sayan magani, ƙila ba su da kyau don daidaito, amfani na dogon lokaci.
Don matsakaiciyar matsanancin ƙaura, 5HT agonists, wanda aka fi sani da masu ɓarna, maganin farko ne. Masu fassara suna motsa serotonin a cikin kwakwalwa, wanda ke rage kumburi kuma yana haifar da vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kula da ƙaura kamar yadda yake sarrafa jin daɗin jini. Wannan yana taimakawa sarrafa yawan buguwa ko jin bugawar abubuwa da yawa yayin yakin ƙaura.
Akwai zabi da yawa na magungunan triptan a kasuwa, gami da: almotriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan, da zolmitriptan. Mai ba da maganin ku zai yanke shawara wanda zai iya zama mafi kyau a gare ku, amma duk an tabbatar da tasiri a magance ƙaura. Hakanan yawancin inshora suna ɗaukar inshora, kodayake wasu tsare-tsaren na iya samun iyakancewa kan irin nau'in ɓoyayyiyar da suke rufewa ko menene yawa. Farashin aljihu don sumatriptan na iya kusanto $ 200 don allunan 9 kawai, amma SingleCare kawo wannan farashin zuwa ƙasa da $ 13.
| Maganin ƙaura na asibiti | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunan magunguna | Rarrabuwa | Hankula kashi | Mafi kyawun farashin SingleCare |
| Ibuprofen | NSAID | 600 MG kowane 6 hours | $ 6.06 |
| Naproxen | NSAID | 500 MG kowane 12 hours | $ 4.31 |
| Almotriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 6.25 MG - 12.5 MG a farawa, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu taimako. | n / a |
| Eletriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 20 MG zuwa 40 MG a farkon, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin 2 hours idan babu sauƙi. | $ 161.04 |
| Frovatriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 2.5 MG a farawa, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu taimako. | $ 112.56 |
| Naratriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 1 MG zuwa 2.5 MG a farkon, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu sauƙi. | $ 92.61 |
| Rizatriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 5 MG zuwa 10 MG a farkon, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu sauƙi. | $ 43.83 |
| Sumatriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 25 MG zuwa 50 MG a farkon, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu sauƙi. | $ 42.90 |
| Zolmitriptan | 5HT masu tayar da hankali (masu tayarwa) | 2.5 MG zuwa 5 MG a farkon, na iya maimaita sau ɗaya a cikin awanni 2 idan babu sauƙi. | $ 37.97 |
Rigakafin Migraine
Hanyoyin rigakafin suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kula da marasa lafiyar da ke fama da cutar ƙaura. Wadannan marasa lafiya har yanzu suna buƙatar samun damar yin amfani da jiyya mai tsanani lokacin da ƙaurarsu ke faruwa, amma magungunan rigakafi na iya rage sau nawa waɗannan ƙaura suke faruwa. Har zuwa kwanan nan, Botox, ko onabotulinumtoxin A, shine kawai magani mai hana rigakafi da FDA ta amince dashi. Duk da yake yana da tasiri sosai, Botox na iya zama da wahala a sami yarda a karkashin inshora kuma zai iya tsada. An yi shekaru da yawa, ana amfani da wasu azuzuwan magunguna daban-daban kashe-lakabin don rigakafin ƙaura tare da babbar nasara. Waɗannan sun haɗa da magungunan ƙwace, magungunan kwantar da hankali, da magungunan hawan jini. Wadannan magunguna gabaɗaya suna da kyakkyawan inshorar inshora kuma hanyoyi ne masu tsada don taimakawa hana ƙauraran ci gaba. Shafin da ke gaba yana ba da taƙaitaccen wasu zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda ke cikin kowane aji, kodayake ba a nufin ya kasance duka-duka.
| Magunguna da ake amfani dasu akai akai don rigakafin ƙaura | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunan magunguna | Rarrabuwa | Hankula kashi | Mafi kyawun farashin SingleCare |
| Rarraba | Mai cin nasara | 500 MG ER sau biyu a rana | $ 12.99 |
| Topiramate | Mai cin nasara | 25 MG sau biyu a rana | $ 8.53 |
| Metoprolol | Beta-toshewa | 25 MG sau biyu a rana | $ 4 |
| Propranolol | Beta-toshewa | 20 MG sau biyu a rana | $ 16.33 |
| Amitriptyline | Tricyclic Antidepressant | 25 MG a lokacin kwanciya | $ 4 |
| Venlafaxine | Zaɓin Maɓallin Norepinephrine Reuptake (Antidepressant) | 150 mg ER sau ɗaya a rana | $ 15 |
Kwanan nan, sabon rukunin magungunan da aka haɓaka don rigakafin ƙaura ya zo kasuwa. Waɗannan rukuni ne na masu hana haɓaka peptide (CGRP) masu alaƙa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fuskantar ƙaura suna sanannun matakan CGRP mafi girma. Lokacin da aka ɗaura shi zuwa ga mai karɓar sa, sai ya fara jigilar abubuwan da ke haifar da kumburi da ciwon ƙaura. Mutanen da ke fama da ƙaura na yau da kullun na iya samun adadin kwanakin ƙaurarsu a rabi tare da masu hana CGRP.
Wadannan magunguna na iya zama masu tsada kuma inshorar inshora na iya bambanta da yawa. Maƙeran suna ba da wasu shirye-shiryen tanadi, kuma ana samun SingleCare koyaushe don taimaka muku samun mafi kyawun farashi. Shafin da ke gaba yana ba da taƙaitaccen abin da ke halin yanzu a cikin wannan aji.
| Anti-CGRP maganin ƙaura | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sunan alama | Suna na kowa | Rarrabuwa |
| Aimovig | erenumab-aooe | CGRP Magungunan Magunguna |
| Ajovy | fremanezumab | |
| Rashin daidaito | galcanezumab-gnlm | |
| Vyepti | eptinezumab-jjmr | |
| Ubrelvy | danzain | CGRP Masu Amincewa da Yanayin Maɗaukaki |
| Nurtec ODT | sulfate mai rimegepant |
Wadannan jerin ba'a nufin su zama masu hadawa kuma jiyya na iya zama ba dacewa ga kowane mutum mai fama da ƙaura ba. Yana da kyau koyaushe kayi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya don taimakawa yanke shawarar mafi kyawun hanyar maganin ka. Zaka iya kwatantawa ƙarin maganin ƙaura a nan .
