Diuretics: Yana amfani da shi, samfuran yau da kullun, da kuma bayanan aminci

Bayanin Magunguna

Jerin Diuretics | Menene masu ciwon diure? | Yadda suke aiki | Yana amfani da | Iri | Wanene zai iya shan maganin ƙyama? | Tsaro | Sakamakon sakamako | Kudin

Diuretics, wanda aka fi sani da kwayoyi na ruwa, suna ƙara yawan ruwan da ake fitarwa daga jiki ta hanyar fitsari. Ofaya daga cikin sanannun sanannen, masu ba da magani a jiki shine maganin kafeyin, galibi ana samun sa a cikin kofi da shayi. Koyaya, maganin kafeyin yana da tasiri mai tasirin tasiri kuma ba yawanci ake amfani dashi azaman diuretic a cikin saitunan likita.

Tarihin zamani na kamuwa da cutar diuretics ya fara a 1919 lokacin da wani dalibin likitanci ya gano cewa allurar da ke dauke da sinadarin mercury na da tasiri wajen fitar da ruwa ga masu cutar sikila. Sai da 1950s da 1960s cewa an gano yawancin thiazides da madaurin diuretics kuma anyi amfani dasu ko'ina. A yau, yawanci ana ba da diuretics don magance cutar hawan jini da sauran yanayi.

Ci gaba da karatu don ƙarin koyo game da nau'ikan cututtukan diuretics, amfani da su, da kuma illa masu illa.

Jerin maganin diuretics
Sunan suna (suna na gama gari)	Matsakaicin farashin tsabar kudi	SingleCare farashin	Moreara sani
Microzide (hydrochlorothiazide)	$ 56 a cikin 30, 25 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na hydrochlorothiazide	Hydrochlorothiazide cikakkun bayanai
Hygroton (chlorthalidone)	$ 31 a kowace 30, 25 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na chlorthalidone	Bayanin Chlorthalidone
Lozol (indapamide)	$ 46 a cikin 30, allunan 2.5 mg	Samu takardun shaida indapamide	Bayanin Indapamide
Zaroxolyn (metolazone)	$ 105 a cikin 30, allunan 2.5 mg	Sami takardun shaida na metolazone	Metolazone cikakkun bayanai
Bumex (bumetanide)	$ 91 a cikin 30, 1 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na bumetanide	Bayanin Bumetanide
Lasix (furosemide)	$ 26 a 30, 20 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na furosemide	Bayanin Furosemide
Demadex (torsemide)	$ 35 a cikin 30, 20 MG Allunan	Samun takardun shaida	Bayanin Torsemide
Edecrin (ethacrynic acid)	$ 95 a kowace 4, 25 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na ethacrynic acid	Bayanin Ethacrynic acid
Midamor (amiloride)	$ 42 a cikin 30, 5 MG Allunan	Samun takardun shaida amiloride	Bayanin Amiloride
Dyrenium (triamterene)	$ 478 a cikin 30, 50 MG Allunan	Samu takardun shaida na triamterene	Bayanin Triamterene
Aldactone (spironolactone)	$ 30 a 30, 25 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na spironolactone	Bayanin Spironolactone
Inspra (eplerenone)	$ 235 a cikin 30, 25 MG Allunan	Samo takardun shaida na eplerenone	Bayanin Eplerenone

Sauran diuretics

• Diuril (chlorothiazide)
• Yanabi (bendroflumethiazide)
• Enduron (methyclothiazide)
• Renese (polythiazide)
• Saluron (hydroflumethiazide)
• Diamox (acetazolamide)
• Daranide (dichlorphenamide)
• Neptazane (methazolamide)
• Diurex (pamabrom)
• Osmitrol (mannitol)

Menene masu ciwon diure?

In ba haka ba da aka sani da kwayoyin kwayoyi, diuretics magunguna ne da ke ƙara yawan gishiri da ruwa da ake fitarwa daga jiki. Wadannan magunguna suna kara samar da fitsarin da aka samar a cikin kodan, wanda ke haifar da karin fitsarin, ko diuresis. Diuretics yawanci ana amfani dasu don magance hawan jini (hauhawar jini) da riƙewar ruwa, ko kumburi, wanda ke tasowa a matsayin alama ta gazawar zuciya, matsalolin koda, da gazawar hanta. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wasu diuretics don magance kumburi a cikin kwakwalwa sakamakon mummunan rauni na kai ko kumburi a idanun da ya haifar da yanayin ido kamar glaucoma .

Yaya aikin yin maganin diure?

Diuretics suna aiki ta hanyar canza daidaiton ruwa, gishiri, da wutan lantarki a cikin jiki.

Musamman musamman, suna da tasiri akan matakai daban-daban a cikin kodan da ke taka rawa a cikin sinadarin sodium da reabsorption. Akwai nau'o'in diuretics daban-daban. Kowannensu na iya aiki a sassa daban-daban na koda , sashen kayan tacewa na jiki. Saboda karuwar yawan sinadarin sodium da ake fitarwa daga koda, karin ruwa na fita daga jiki a cikin fitsarin.

Yana iya zama mahimmanci fahimtar tsarin koda da yadda yake aiki don fahimtar gabaɗaya yadda diuretics ke aiki. Kowace koda tana dauke da sama da miliyan 1 nephrons, waxanda sune sassan tacewa wadanda suke cire shara da kuma samar da fitsari a jiki. Dogaro da nau'in mai cutar kurji, waɗannan magungunan yawanci suna aiki ne a cikin ƙwanƙolin tubule, haɗuwa da ƙwanƙolin madaurin Henle, ƙuƙƙwarar tubule mai rikitarwa, ko tubule mai tattarawa.

Me ake amfani da shi na yin maganin diure?

Za a iya amfani da diuretics don magance yanayi daban-daban waɗanda suka shafi zuciya, kodan, da hanta. Hakanan ana amfani dasu azaman antihypertensives don rage karfin jini. Wasu lokuta waɗanda ke da matsalar cin abinci suna cin zarafin su don rage kiba. Za a iya samun diuretics kawai tare da takardar sayan magani kuma ana iya amfani da su don bi da waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Ajiyar zuciya
• Rashin hagu na hagu
• Hawan jini
• M gazawar koda
• Rashin aikin koda
• Dutse na koda
• Ciwon koda mai tsanani
• Ciwon koda
• Ciwon Hanta
• Ciwan huhu
• Babban matakan alli na jini (hypercalcemia)
• Babban matakan jini na potassium (hyperkalemia)
• Ciwon sukari na Nephrogenic insipidus
• Babban matsin intracranial
• Glaucoma

Nau'o'in cutar diuretics

Kwayar cutar Thiazide

Thiazides na sa ido ga sodium-chloride cotransporter don toshe sake dawo da sinadarin sodium, wanda ke taimakawa daidaita matakan sodium da matakan karfin jini. A matsayinsu na ajin magunguna, diuretics na thiazide suna toshe reabsorption na kusan 5% na sodium a cikin ruɓaɓɓen tubule. Hakanan Thiazides suna toshe hanyar sake dawo da sinadarin na potassium, wanda zai iya haifar da kawar da sinadarin mai yawa daga jiki. Potassiumananan matakan potassium (hypokalemia) na iya haifar da hargitsin zuciya, tsakanin sauran matsaloli. Saboda tasirin su, ana amfani da thiazides a matsayin magani na farko don hauhawar jini maimakon masu hana ACE. Misalan thiazides sun hada da Microzide (hydrochlorothiazide) da Hygroton (chlorthalidone).

Madauki madaukai

Kamar thiazides, madaurin diuretics shima yana taimakawa daidaita matakan sodium a cikin koda. Koyaya, aikin yin amfani da diuretics yana aiki a cikin ɓangaren hawan Henle a cikin nephron. Wadannan magunguna suna yin niyya ne ga sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter don toshe sodium da reabsorption. Hakanan madauki diuretics na iya rage yawan shan potassium, wanda zai iya haifar da ƙarancin matakan potassium. Ana iya amfani da madaukai masu yin amfani da madaukai don magance cututtukan zuciya, gazawar koda, babban matakan potassium (hyperkalemia), babban ƙwayar calcium (hypercalcemia), da yawancin nau'ikan ɓarkewa, kamar su huhu na huhu. Misalan turawa na madauki sun haɗa da Bumex (bumetanide) da Lasix (furosemide) , kazalika da Demadex (torsemide).

Turawa mai rage sanadarin potassium

Magungunan turawa mai dauke da sinadarin potassium ba sa haifar da fitsarin cikin fitsari ba. Magungunan adana mai dauke da sinadarin potassium kamar amiloride suna da nasaba da tashoshin sodium don rage dawo da sodium cikin jini. Wannan yana kara yawan zubar ruwa ba tare da rage matakan potassium ba. Sauran diuretics masu adana kwayoyi kamar spironolactone suna aiki a cikin tubule mai nisa kuma suna tattara hanyoyin don toshe tasirin aldosterone, wani kwayar cutar steroid wanda ke ƙara haɓakar sodium. Misalan cututtukan da ke rage yawan sanadarin na potassium sun hada da Midamor (amiloride), Dyrenium (triamterene), Aldactone (spironolactone), da Inspra (eplerenone).

Carbonic anhydrase masu hanawa

Carbonic anhydrase wani enzyme ne wanda ake samu a sassa daban daban na jiki, gami da jajayen kwayoyin jini da kuma kusa da kodar koda. Wannan enzyme yana taimakawa jiki ya sake dawo da sodium, bicarbonate, da chloride. Carbonic anhydrase hanawa suna toshe wannan enzyme don fitar da waɗannan abubuwa da ruwa mai yawa daga jiki. Sau da yawa ana amfani da masu hana anhydrase don magance glaucoma. Misalan sun hada da Diamox (acetazolamide) da Neptazane (methazolamide).

Sauran diuretics

Xanthine diuretics wani nau'i ne na mai laushi mai laushi wanda ke toshe sake dawo da ruwa a cikin kusan tubule na koda. Misalan kamuwa da cututtukan xanthine sun hada da maganin kafeyin da Diurex (pamabrom). Osmotic diuretics Yi amfani da tsarin osmosis don cire ruwa da rage riƙe ruwa. Osmotic diuretics da farko suna aiki a cikin kusancin tubule da madauki na Henle. Maganin da ake amfani da shi na osmotic diuretic shine Osmitrol (mannitol), wanda ake amfani dashi don rage matsewar intracranial da kuma magance rashin saurin koda.

Wanene zai iya shan maganin ƙyama?

Manya

Ana amfani da diuretics don magance edema da sauran yanayin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini a cikin manya. Yin amfani da diuretics a cikin manya zai dogara da yanayin da aka bi.

Yara

Yara za a iya ba su takardar sanyaya jiki don ragewa wuce gona da iri lalacewa ta haifar da ciwan zuciya da gazawar koda. Amfani da yara masu sanya cuta a jikin yara zai dogara ne da yanayin kulawar. Ana yin lissafin ƙididdigar maganin ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara ta hanyar nauyin jiki.

Shin masu kwayar cutar amintattu ne amintattu?

Diuretics galibi magunguna ne masu haɗari idan aka yi amfani da su kamar yadda aka tsara. Saboda tasirin su a kan ruwa, gishiri, da komar da wutar lantarki, suna iya haifar da rashin daidaiton ruwa da lantarki. Rashin ruwa mai yawa zai iya haifar da rashin ruwa a wasu marasa lafiya. Levelsananan matakan potassium na iya zama damuwa tare da yawancin masu cutar diuretics amma masu ƙoshin ƙwayar potassium.

Usearin amfani da diuretics da digoxin ko lithium na iya buƙatar sanya idanu ko kaucewa. Yi magana da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya game da wasu hanyoyin hulɗa da ƙwayoyi masu yuwuwa tare da diuretics.

Diuretics ya tuna

Babu tuni game da diuretic tun daga Maris 2021.

Restrictionsuntatawa masu cutar diuretics

Kar a sha maganin rage kuzari idan kuna da rashin lafiyan abubuwan da ke cikin mayukan. Wasu masu kamuwa da cuta suna dauke da sulfa, wanda zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyan a cikin mutanen da suka dandana rashin lafiyan maganin sulfonamide kamar sulfamethoxazole.

Wasu tsofaffin mutane na iya buƙatar sa ido yayin shan kwayoyi masu sa maye. Diuretics na iya haɓaka haɗarin jiri ko faɗuwa ga tsofaffi saboda postural hypotension , ko raguwar saurin jini lokacin canza wurin zama da tsaye.

Shin za ku iya shan maganin ƙwaƙwalwa yayin da kuke ciki ko nono?

Wasu lokuta ana sanya masu cutar diure a lokacin daukar ciki don hauhawar jini ko yanayin zuciya. Koyaya, ba a tabbatar da amincin su ta hanyar karatu ba. Ya kamata a yi amfani da diuretics ne kawai idan fa'idodin sun fi haɗarin hakan damar. Yawan allurai masu kamuwa da cuta na iya yin tasiri ga samar da madara da kuma rage shayarwa ga matan da ke shayarwa. Tuntuɓi mai ba da lafiya don shawarwarin likita kafin amfani da kwayar cuta yayin ɗauke da ciki ko shayarwa.

Shin abubuwa ne masu sarrafa diure?

A'a, masu yin kwayar cutar ba abu ne mai sarrafa su ba.

Magungunan cututtukan cututtuka na yau da kullun

Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa na cututtukan diuretics sun haɗa da:

• Yin fitsari akai-akai
• Dizziness
• Haskewar kai
• Gajiya ko kasala
• Ciwon kai
• Rash
• Ciwon tsoka
• Gudawa
• Cutar rashin karfin jiki
• Levelsara yawan sukarin jini

M sakamako masu illa na masu kamuwa da cutar rashin kuzari sun haɗa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin potassium, ko hypokalemia, wanda zai haifar da hargitsi na zuciya mara kyau. Ba tare da magani ba, ƙananan matakan potassium na iya haifar da matsaloli masu barazanar rai. Ureananan kwayoyi masu ƙoshin ƙwayoyin cuta ba zasu iya haifar da wannan tasirin ba amma yana iya haifar da babban matakan potassium (hyperkalemia). Diuretics na iya haifar da wasu rashin daidaiton lantarki irin su ƙananan matakan sodium (hyponatremia) da ƙananan matakan alli (hypocalcemia).

Hakanan diuretics na iya haifar rashin ruwa a jiki saboda fitar karin ruwa. Alamomin rashin ruwa a jiki na iya haɗawa da matsanancin ƙishirwa, rikicewa, da fitsari mai duhu.

Wasu masu cutar diure kamar thiazides na iya ƙara matakan cholesterol na ɗan lokaci.

Faɗa wa likitan ku idan kuna da tarihin kowane ɗayan sharuɗɗa masu zuwa kafin amfani da mai saurin kamuwa da cuta:

• Ciwon suga
• Gout
• Matsalar koda
• Rashin ruwa
• Pancreatitis
• Lupus
• Matsalar haila

Yi magana da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya don koyo game da sauran illolin da ke tattare da shi, gargaɗi, da kiyayewa masu alaƙa da cututtukan diuretics.

Nawa ne kudin diuretics?

Diuretics gabaɗaya magunguna ne masu arha kuma masu araha waɗanda ke cikin samfuran samfuran samfuran iri iri. Kusan duk shirin Medicare da inshora zasu rufe diuretics. Kudin kuɗi na iya bambanta dangane da shirin inshorar ku. Ba tare da inshora ba, farashin diuretics na iya bambanta dangane da adadin allunan da aka tsara. Koyaya, amfani da katin rangwame daga SingleCare na iya taimakawa rage farashin masu cutar diuretics.